230 



The following observations will be taken every 6 hours : 



{a) Phytoplankton sample-collected on a millipore filter from water tapped 

 from the main injection. Plant pigment analyses will be made on these sam- 

 ples to provide an estimate of phytoplankton standing crop. 



(&) Zooplankton sample-filtered from main injection, preserved in for- 

 malin. Volumetric analyses will be run to estimate zooplankton standing 

 crop and the abundance of important species determined to evaluate sea- 

 sonal and geographic changes in the catch. 



(c) Nitrate and silicate sample-either from main injection or a surface 

 sample. Sample will be frozen, and chemical analysis will be performed 

 ashore. 



{d) Radiation reading — with deckside photocell. 



(e) Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) observation to determine mixed 

 layer depth and vertical temperature distribution. 



(/) Surface temperature and main injection temperature. 

 (g) Surface salinity sample. 

 In addition to these measurements, the installation of a continuously recording 

 salinograph/thermograph in the main injection is planned. The use of this 

 instrument will permit detection of transitional regions and allow for increased 

 sampling intensity in these areas. 



The field portion of the program can be accomplished by two technicians. 

 The Smithsonian will provide the senior technician for every cruise and the 

 second man as well, whenever necessary. On occasion, the second position 

 will be taken by a representative of the University of Washington or of the 

 Fisheries Research Board of Canada and in some cases, a Merchant Marine cadet 

 or other trainee will provide support. 



It is anticipated that chemical analyses and data reduction will be performed 

 at the Smithsonian. However, some processing, particularly the computer 

 analysis, may be more effectively carried out at the University of Washington. 

 Data interpretation will be accomplished at the Smithsonian in close coop- 

 eration with Dr. G. Anderson and Dr. T. R. Parsons of the Fisheries Research 

 Board of Canada, with particular emphasis placed on relating data obtained 

 during this program to the time series observations made at the Canadian 

 Ocean Weather Station "P" (SO'N, 145° W) and to the University of Washington, 

 Columbia River program and other data taken by oceanographic research ships 

 operating in the area. 



It is anticipated that the results of this study will be published in an appro- 

 priate scientific journal. 



The cruises will employ ships of the American Mail Line. Their President, 

 Mr. Worth Fowler, has assured all reasonable cooperation. It should be pointed 

 out that the success of the first ONR sponsored "Ship of Opportunity" cruise 

 aboard the SS Java Mail was in large part due to the splendid cooperation of 

 Mr. Fowler. It is planned to use "Mariner" class ships for the work. These ships 

 normally cruise at about 21 knots. 



All of the samples, with exception of the zooplankton, are capable of rapid 

 analysis by the technicians to be employed and of reduction by machine tech- 

 niques. It is anticipated that this will permit completion of a report on the 

 cruises within two months of the final transect in the series. 



8. Relationship to Other Programs an4 National Objectives. — The data col- 

 lected during the proposed program will have considerable significance to other 

 areas. Pertinent data will be supplied to : 



(a) The Naval Oceanographic Office sea prediction projects. As far as pos- 

 • sible the data from the XBT's will be transmitted on a real time basis. 



(b) The Naval Oceanographic Office for their biological studies. 



(c) The Bureau of Commercial Fisheries for — 



(1) their project at Stanford concerned with relating long term large 

 scale oceanographic changes to fishery resources. 



(2) their Seattle oceanographic laboratory which is primarily con- 

 cerned with the salmon fisheries. 



(d) The Intergovernmental Oceanography Commission study of the Kuro- 

 shio current. 



(e) The North Pacific weather studies by the Environmental Sciences 

 Services Administration. 



In addition to these immediate aims are the long term goals of the.proposed 

 study which are relatable to several national objectives. 



The development of a suitable model for primary production is a major step 

 toward developing a fundamental understanding of the food resources of the sea. 



