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work and some worthwhile contact with professional marine science 

 personnel. 



Mr. Pollock. I would like to say that I am as enthusiastic about 

 this whole program as I am sure you are. Certainly my colleagues 

 on the committee will be not only watching it closely but working 

 with you at every possible opportunity. 



Mr. Abel. Thank you. 



Mr. Pollock. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 



Mr. Downing. I wonder if you would clear up something for me. 

 You testified how this money is to be allocated with one panel on 

 projects and one panel on institutions. 



Mr. Abel. Yes, sir. 



Mr. Downing. Would you define what projects are? 



Mr. Abel. Yes, sir. There will be three categories of projects. Those 

 proposing support for applied research in areas dealing with recovery 

 of ocean resources. They may generally include the areas of aqua- 

 culture, aquatic recreation technoloo^y, and the technological features 

 of ocean mining, short of the province of the Bureau of Mines, of 

 course. They will include proposals featuring curricula for educat- 

 ing engineers in ocean engineering and training technicians for ocean- 

 going activities. 



The third category in which projects will be proposed will concern 

 the traditional information transfer projects, such as extension courses 

 and advisory services. 



I think Dr. Spilhaus dramatically portrayed these as seagoing 

 county agents, paralleling the land-grant system. 



Mr. Downing. Are these projects tied up with educational institu- 

 tions of some kind? 



Mr. Abel. Yes, sir. 



Mr. Downing. It would not involve private projects? 



Mr. Abel. It can, theoretically, within the limitations of the act, 

 but in practice, during the formative stages of the program I do not 

 think we would be wise in trying to spread our funds to cover private 

 enterpises. However, we very definitely encourage alliances between 

 institutions and profitmaking enterprises to the extent that the in- 

 stitution may use the facilities and expertise of tliese industrial firms. 



Mr. Downing. It seems to me that you would have to be awfull}^ 

 careful not to dissipate your money on projects w^hen the educational 

 aspects of it is thus. 



Mr. Abel. Most of the projects themselves will be educational in 

 nature. 



Mr. Downing. I know of one private company which has gone into 

 oceanography as a sideline in a big way. They are on the verge of 

 extracting minerals from the sea. They need Federal help at this point 

 to go on. Conceivably that could be a project. Certainly it Avould be 

 educational. It is a private concern. 



Mr. Abel. Yes, sir. 



In a case like this, I would refer as much as possible to the sense of 

 Congress, and guided by tlie hearings and reports issued by your sub- 

 committee and by your opposite number in the Senater it simply seems 

 to me that the main thrust of your argument — toward what you are 

 orienting this act, is to the institutional type of activity. I am open to 

 correction. 



