383 



I think, Mr. Chairman, a number of the important questions I had 

 have Ibeen answered. If I can be specific and a little parochial for a 

 minute, I am concerned about where we go in oceanography in Alaska. 



Here we have a place that has something like 41 percent of all the 

 estuaries, 54 percent of the coastline, and 64 percent of the Continental 

 Shelf. We are very interested as a people in getting sea-grant college 

 programs going. 



I understand that in the sea-grant college program the funds can- 

 not be used to build the facilities or the vessels or the docks. 



My question is this, and I am sure Mr. Kogers has the same concern : 

 In a lot of States, how do we launch ourselves into this particular 

 field? 



I am thinking now of secondary education students. How do they go 

 to these NSF-supported education programs in the marine science 

 field? Do they just do it by seeing a brochure that has been sent to the 

 school ? Is this it ? 



You say one has been sent to apparently each of the high schools in 

 the Nation, and it is necessary then for them to convey this, I presume, 

 to the students. 



Dr. Kelson. Mr. Pollock, let me try to reply by saying that in the 

 education area, and to some extent in the research area, the Founda- 

 tion has two quite different types of programs. 



One is the kind of program where an individual, as an individual be 

 he or she a high school student, an undergraduate or teacher, may apply 

 to some particular program of interest to hun. 



That is the kind of program that is oriented to the need and aspira- 

 tions of an individual. 



We have another kind of program, and there are several different 

 types, where it is the institution itself which becomes in effect the bene- 

 ficiary of the Federal funds. 



The education programs are most notably those of two types. One is 

 our relatively new college science improvement program, which Dr. 

 Robertson mentioned. In that program we have come close to, but not 

 specifically limited eligibility to, the smaller 4-year institutions. 



The institute can say, "Here is an area of our own undergraduate 

 instructional program which needs improvement, and here are plans 

 for doing it." 



We have been a little disappointed, but not surprised — and the pro- 

 gram is really very young — that none, so far, is in the marine sciences. 



Another type is directed primarily to the secondary school. This is 

 a program in which a school district or districts can say something like 

 this : "We have reached the point where we would now like to alter our 

 entire program in mathematics" — marine science could be also in- 

 cluded — "but in order to do this we need professional help on what the 

 program ought to be like that is also consistent with the needs and 

 interests of our school district. Then, having determined this, we are 

 going to need help to make sure that our teachers know how to teach 

 the program that has been developed." 



The Foundation does support a program called the cooperative 

 college-school program, in which we support precisely this kind of 

 activity. 



Mr. Pollock. Supporting training of teachers ? 



