505 



record how far we can go. What does present law permit U.S. interests 

 to do now and why are we not expanding on this rather than going 

 into some other field before we know where we are under present law i 

 (The requested information follows :) 



Background on ECOSOC Resolution 1112 (XL) 



In accordance with instructions from the Department of State, Ambassador 

 James Roosevelt on February 28, 1966 proposed at the 40th session of the United 

 Nations Economic and Social Council in New York that the United Nations 

 Secretary General make a study of the present state of knowledge of the re- 

 sources of the sea and of the techniques for exploiting these resources. As a 

 part of that study, there would be an identification of offshore resources now 

 capable of economic exploitation and the identification of gaps in available 

 knowledge which merit early attention by virtue of their importance for the 

 development and exploitation of ocean resources. 



Resolution 1112 (XL) as adopted on March 7, 1966 was along these lines, 

 specifically limited, however, to the sea beyond the continental shelf and ex- 

 cluding fish. 



Mr. Rogers. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 



Mr. Lennon. The gentleman from Massachusetts ? 



Mr. Keith. What is the classic definition of foreign policy ? Can you 

 define in one sentence what foreign policy is for any nation ? 



Mr. Pollack. Foreign policy, I think, would be described as those 

 objectives which a country has with respect to its relations with other 

 countries. The objective might be peace, it might be enlarged com- 

 mercial relationships, etc. 



Mr. Keith. And what are the tools of that foreign policy? 



Mr. Pollack. I think the customary response to that is, the tools 

 start out with the strength of a country, its geographic location, its 

 military strength. At this point of time certainly the U.S. technological 

 capacity and the way we use it in our international relations is a tool 

 of foreign policy. Our cultural activities and capacities are another 

 tool. 



Mr. Keith. And these tools are used to accomplish peace and the 

 other objectives? 



Mr. Pollack. Yes. 



Mr. Keith. What is our relative strength in the field of oceanog- 

 raphy as contrasted to the rest of the nations of the world? 



Mr. Pollack. Our scientific capacity, I think, is without peer. This 

 may be a slight exaggeration. On the fisheries side we are excelled 

 by several countries. 



Mr. Keith. What part of the cost of the operation of the U.N. does 

 the United States contribute ? 



Mr. Popper. Thirty-one percent plus, between 31 and 32 percent of 

 the regular U.N. budget. 



Mr. Keith. And in the field of oceanography would we not, by rea- 

 son of our expertise and our resources in that field, be making the 

 major contribution to this study and then making it available, in 

 effect, to the international organization ? 



Mr. Popper. Yes. 



Mr. Iveith. The point I am trying to get at is that we are the ones 

 who can finance it and are financing it, we have the techniques, and 

 this is a tool of our foreign policy, and if we vitiate it by giving it to 

 the U.N. organization we may lose some of the bargaining tools we 



