5S NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 
The matter of stimulating effort in this field and of providing the 
kind of leadership necessary to encourage cooperation in this par- 
ticular field has not been perfectly worked out yet. J am somewhat 
dissatisfied with my own efforts in this regard and I believe that other 
members in my panel feel the same way. This comes about because 
of the compromises we must make between panel duties on one hand 
and the duties of our regular positions on the other. Even so, with 
all these limitations, it seems to me that the Interagency Committee 
on Oceanography and its panels and advisory groups of university 
and industrial scientists provide about the best mechanism I can think 
of for producing the kind of leadership, planning, and cooperation 
Government and scientists must put forward in this general field of 
instrumentation and facilities. 
The whole problem of our national effort in instrumentation and 
facilities, in my view, is not going ahead as fast as I would hke to see it, 
nor as fast as we had planned. Not all of this is due to the lag in the 
budgetary process. Part of it is due, perhaps, to the high goals we set 
for ourselves and part of it is due, perhaps, to the other urgent prob- 
lems of the day that have arisen as we have moved into the field. Even 
so, it seems to me that the progress in the field of instrumentation has 
been rather remarkable in the last 5 years. Not all of this, of course, is 
due to the Interagency Committee on Oceanography and its work, but 
I believe that it can take credit for a good deal of the interest in both 
industry and in Government and the coordination between industry 
and Government, as well as within Government, that has occurred. 
In the future, Mr. Chairman, there will be a challenge for marine 
scientists everywhere, and especially for those in our own country, to 
keep our eminence in the field of marine instrumentation. There is 
also a challenge in developing new instruments to take advantage of 
the fundamental knowledge of the sea in order to mine the seas, both 
for minerals and for living resources. There needs to be renewed 
emphasis on the ocean-engineering phase of our national ocean- 
ography program in the very near future. This appears to be the 
next step in our national effort. 
We have been giving some thought to the problems of ocean engi- 
neering. Many of us are planning on a small scale to move into this 
particular field of especially applying the fundamental knowledge we 
are gaining of the world ocean to the problems of practical importance 
in defense, fishing, mining, commerce, and weather to a greater extent 
than in the past. 
Mr. Chairman, I very briefly have given you my general impression 
of our progress since I last appeared before you in the field of instru- 
mentation and facilities and I will be very pleased to answer questions 
on either my brief statement or on my written testimony. 
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 
Mr. Lennon. Thank you, Mr. McKernan. 
Gentlemen of the committee, Mr. McKernan, as you all know, is 
from the Bureau of Fisheries and I hope all of you will take the time 
to read his fine statement in its entirety. 
Without objection, your prepared statement will be placed in the 
record immediately following your testimony. 
Mr. McKernan. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 
Mr. Lennon. Are there any questions, Mr. Casey ? 
