NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 59 
Mr. Casey. Yes, Mr. Chairman. 
I notice the primary purpose, or one of the primary purposes, you 
mention in your statement is the standardization of equipment, cali- 
bration, and so forth, as well as better methods of testing calibration. 
Tn this exchange, you also mentioned international exchange of infor- 
mation. You mentioned briefly proposed instrumentation is a classi- 
fied file limited to Government personnel only. 
Do we have any developments that are considered of such impor- 
tance to the national defense that they should be highly classified ? 
Mr. McKernan. Mr. Casey, there is a type of work, of course, that 
is done by the Navy, of a classified nature which involves defense 
aspects of oceanography. This is not at the present time under the 
purview of the Interagency Committee on Oceanography. Our ex- 
change of information and exchange of calibrated instruments are 
those of an unclassified nature. We benefit from these exchanges as 
well as other countries. 
It is true that the exchange of information is not equal at the present 
time among all countries, but there is developing quite an active ex- 
change of information between ourselves and other countries, including 
the United States and the U.S.S.R. This is of an unclassified nature 
in respect to instruments and facilities in our case and also includes 
unclassified data. 
Mr. Casry. I notice we have a joint project with other nations, 
including the U.S.S.R. in the Indian Ocean. I presume the objectives 
that are being pursued there and the instrumentation that is bein 
developed in conjunction there is something that is of general use 
to peacetime purposes ? 
Mr. McKernan. In my own field of fisheries, there is little known 
about the fisheries of the Indian Ocean. Interestingly enough, there 
is a great interest by the U.S. fishing companies in the fishery re- 
sources of the Indian Ocean. There are several major U.S. companies 
that are establishing stations in the Indian Ocean at the present time 
and some of these are using data which is coming out of the Indian 
Ocean expedition. 
By the way, the Russian scientists have done a great deal of fishery 
sone there, and we are still trying to pry data loose from them 
on this. 
Mr. Casry. I was going to ask you that. There has been a lot in 
the papers on that and they have developed this possibly more highly 
than we have in the commercial fisheries field, including instrumenta- 
tion of the ships they have where they make their catch and do every- 
thing to it they possibly can do on shore, so that when they come in, 
some of it is already canned and some of it is being prepared for 
fertilizer as well as edible products. Have you had an opportunity 
to review any of this instrumentation ? 
Mr. McKernan. Yes, we have had an opportunity to see some of 
this. We have had a good opportunity to discuss this matter with 
Russian scientists and in several areas of the world we are exchanging 
information rather completely with them on these particular matters. 
For example, there has been an international expedition in the tropi- 
cal Atlantic, and the Soviet Union and the United States, as well as 
other countries, have rather freely exchanged fisheries and hydro- 
graphic information that has been collected on this particular pro- 
