€2 NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 
develop a feeling for this whole problem so that our ideas can even- 
tually be submitted to the Intergovernmental Commission. 
Further, there are a number of groups in the country interested in 
the various international aspects of oceanography. These include the 
Office of the Foreign Secretary of the National Academy of Sciences, 
the Office of International Scientific Affairs of the Department of 
State, and the International Panel of the Federal Council for Science 
and Technology, as well as our own Panel. 
In the near future, we hope to bring all of these people together to 
discuss problems of oceanography in the international sense and to 
determine, if possible, whether we are really proceeding in the most 
ageressive fashion and proper leadership as we should in this area. 
With that, Mr. Chairman, I would like to be available to answer 
any questions you might have. 
Mr. Casry (presiding). Thank you, Doctor. 
Doctor, how much of the total oceanographic funds are spent in 
international efforts? 
Dr. Maxweiu. Mr. Casey, I would say in the neighborhood of less 
than $10 million annually goes into international oceanographic pro- 
grams. It is difficult to put a firm figure on this since part of these 
programs are of a formal nature and part of them informal arrange- 
ments made between various institutions throughout the country. For 
example, it is difficult to keep track of what part of a cruise, let us 
say in the northern Atlantic, is international when it is working with 
a group from the United Kingdom. 
Mr. Cassy. You heard the statement of Mr. McKernan that Russia 
is ahead of us in some aspects of commercial fishing and that they have 
had no luck in getting any exchange on techniques and data that they 
have in this regard. 
Do you have other phases in which Russia is holding out on the 
exchange of data ? 
Dr. Maxweiu. We have through the International Governmental 
Commission developed a scheme of exchange of oceanographic infor- 
mation. This has not worked as well as we would have liked but we 
are receiving data from the Soviet Union on their oceanographic pro- 
grams. In particular the data so far received has been from the 
tropical Atlantic investigations. I 
In addition we have statements from them saying they will submit 
data from cruises in the Indian Ocean and other cruises they have 
declared as a part of their national program. 
Mr. Casry. Have they given any data that is new or something we 
have not been able to obtain for ourselves? Have they given us any- 
thing other than a confirmation of something we have already dis- 
covered or gotten from some other more friendly country? 
Have they given us anything of real benefit to us? 
Dr. Maxwetn. In the case of the tropical Atlantic, they gave us 
the data they collected at that time and these data are new data and 
very useful to us. The program we had in this area involved the 
Soviets carrying out a significant, finite part. If we did not have 
information on this, we would have had a gap in our knowledge. 
They provided this and they have provided it completely m that 
‘instance. We have not received data from other areas of the world 
‘as successfully as we have from this particular area. 
