NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 127 
Mr. Drewry. Captain Treadwell, you mentioned the allocation of 
ships to various universities as being part of the overall program. 
Following up what Mr. Bauer was just bringing out, and in view 
of the lack, or shortage, of ships available exclsively for survey work, 
would it be feasible to call upon the geophysical industry on a con- 
tract basis to perform survey work and collect oceanographic data 
when their vessels are conducting mineral exploration surveys in vari- 
ous areas of the world where oceanographic data is inadequate? ‘This 
would be in addition to the data which the industry normally acquires 
in connection with their geophysical surveys. Would it not be feasi- 
ble, relatively simple, and less costly for the Government to work 
through the geophysical industry which is presently operating dozens 
of ships all over the world with crews trained in just the type of 
techniques required in an oceanwide survey program? It would seem 
to me an advantage to the national oceanographic program to en- 
courage participation by industry as a functioning part of it. Of 
course I presume there is area planning on your survey work so you 
don’t want to bother about contracting for survey data in an area where 
you have already acquired what you need to know, especially if there is 
some other area that has not been surveyed at all. 
Has there been anything done in this direction ? 
Captain TrreapwE.u. As far as I know, Mr. Drewry, there has not 
been anything in that direction for a couple of reasons. I think the 
idea is basically sound. However, the areas which the geophysical 
companies are interested in from a minerals exploration standpoint 
are only by coincidence the same areas that, say, the Navy, or Com- 
mercial Fisheries, or anyone else would be interested in from another 
viewpoint. Where these two areas coincide certainly we should take 
advantage of it. The other point is that to a very large extent we 
are getting so much of the information we need free, just from their 
sense of public duty, that we would be a little reluctant to pay them 
to do what might not be very much more. 
Mr. Drewry. I put that point in my question because I understood 
from some previous witness that one difficulty with calling upon the 
geophysical industry for data which they have already collected is 
that they do not collect some types of data in the same way or in the 
same scope that you would want in the overall program. That is 
what I had in mind. If that is a fact that they do not collect ade- 
quate data then it would seem logical that if you can use what they 
do collect it would be a rather less costly way to take advantage of 
what we need right now while we are starting off on this program to 
get every possible platform that is in existence to get the information 
while you are waiting for the ships to be built and the money for 
the new ships to be appropriated. 
Captain TreapweEty. That isa very good point. For example, they 
do not ordinarily take things like biological observations because they 
have no commercial interest in it. That isa very good point and well 
work looking into. 
Mr. Drewry. I am also interested in the subject of the merchant 
ships. I had not heard about it from any of the merchant marine 
companies. What is the scope of what you have discussed with them ? 
Captain TreapweLy. We have asked several of their member compa- 
nies to put on board bathythermographs and send the data back to us. 
