NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 401 
5. FORECASTING OF SUPPLY 
Ueneral Deserintion of the Program; The economic anc recreational bene- 
fits derivea from the water resoure. of the Great Lekes basin Genenc upon che 
water suopiy. Water suzply is also a factor in shore property damzce and in 
the state of henlth of neople living arcune the sheres and working on whe 
likes. In veryin« degrees, comnercial shippers, power interests, property 
‘omers, purveyors of water reereation, construction enrinecrs, conservition= 
ists, ana muny other interests depend upon or muke use of yater supply in- 
form tion o» forncasts. In recent yours, rather inexact methods 0” estima- 
wins future supplies heave been ceveloped and utilized for navization and ir 
she opersvion of Lake Regulation Plans. This program, which will be accom- 
plished in cooperetion with Canadian agencies, has as its pursose the cevel- 
upnent ol imoroved methods of forccasviny supplies utiligine data bearinc 
on water supply eccuired under the lake levels and the sroundwater flow 
prosrams. iefinements in vhe forecasting technivues wil] be translated irte 
inereased benefits for most interests through improved relation plans and 
more »reeise water supply information. 
{ 
Projcatss - 
Wor use in forecastin; future supplies, devclon water suoply in- 
dcxes ror the water equivalent of snow cover, lake water temperatures, 
anteecaéenl precipitation over land arous, rivor flow, antecedent sir texper- 
ature end U. S. eather Pureau 30-day weather outlook. Develop relationships 
between Lhese incexes and actual supplies for each lake basin. 
bevelop metnods of forecastin: supplies and publish forecasts as 
needed. ; ; 
Investigate water supply cycles curing the nerio¢g of record and in 
terns of ceolotic time and determine she rel:tionships to other phenemena. 
6. WATER QUALITY 
Qereral Deserintion of the Proyran; Water quality considers -he physical, 
chemical anc biolo-iieul properties of water anc of the natcriels in sussension 
and in solution. The sempling of these properties has not been extensive. No 
comp: echensive study cf the cause and effec:, of these properties, their cistribu- 
tion, their interaction 2nd their relationchin with other phenomena has becn 
accompliched. ‘The accuisition and onalysis of these data will serve many 
rueposes. Fer cxanple, temperature distribution effects biological processes, 
45 an-lement in the foreesstin,, of ice and for, is a factor in uho comoteation 
of evaporation and in the mass movemcns of vater, opacity is a factor in ener 
abso:pticn and loss, in the development of marine ;mo ‘th in channels ena harbors; 
sound »ropayusion is used by navigators and enginecrs to cevermine depths. 
Certain physicsl and chemical properties may serve as a link with the past and 
a elue to che future in climatolosical studies. ‘the purpose of this progran 
will bo to cetermine vhe physical and chemical properties of water and waterberne 
forei:m materials, vheir distribution, the reasons for veriations with time anc 
plaec, the ~elationsnip of the properties vith ocher phenomena, ané the inver- 
setion of she lake end the atmosphere. The program will be exceuteac in close 
coordination with other interested agencies. 
35-377 O—64——27 
