NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 
on the basis of which supplemental plans can be 
formulated in special fields by individual agencies 
and institutions. This is in keeping with the pur- 
pose of a long-range plan and the discussion in 
Chapter I. 
In addition, such programs as the Ocean Survey 
Plan, the National Oceanographic Data Center, 
Oceanographic Forecasting System, the Navy’s 
Oceanographic Instrumentation Center, and the 
like do not serve specific goals but support the en- 
tire Oceanographic community. They are essen- 
tially oceanographic services of very wide and 
general utility, which facilitate the simultaneous 
attainment of national and special goals by the 
various agencies and the scientific community. 
They are therefore discussed in that context ina 
later chapter. 
Before discussing the programs themselves, it 
is useful to review the overall balance of effort 
which they support. The way the approximately 
$2.3 billion tentatively planned for oceanography 
in the decade ahead is apportioned among the 
various goals was summarized at the end of Chap- 
ter II, and is further delineated in Table 1. Figure 
Table 1 
457 
1 shows the same information as well as indicating 
how the budget is divided among the agencies. 
Table 2 outlines this by functional areas as cate- 
gorized by the ICO. The relative amounts, in the 
order in which the programs to support the na- 
tional goals will be discussed in the following 
pages are: Strengthening basic science (56 percent 
of which only 23 percent is not included also in the 
goals following), defense (36 percent), managing 
resources and health hazards in the world ocean 
(19 percent), protecting U.S. public health (4 per- 
cent), managing resources accessible to U.S. alone 
(4 percent), contributing to the protection of lives 
and property ashore and safety of operations at 
sea (2 percent), and, finally, surveys and services to 
oceanography (12 percent). 
It should be noted that the total oceanographic 
program has not heretofore been categorized by 
goals. Rather in the annual presentation of a na- 
tional program, the effort has been classified ac- 
cording to function (research, instrumentation, 
ship construction, surveys, facilities, data center, 
and Indian Ocean Expedition) and by sponsoring 
agencies (Defense, Commerce, Interior, NSF, 
National Oceanographic Program 1963-1972 
Fiscal Breakdown by Goals 
(in percent of total) 
Basic Applied 
| i | es fowls 
Basic Science (NSF) 
Defense 
World Ocean Resources 
Health 
Resources 
Resources in Domestic Waters 
Health 
Resources 
Protection of Safety and Property 
Ashore 
At Sea 
Services 
ST EN 
24 
