NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 
DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR 
Geological Survey. The Geological Survey's 
expanded effort in oceanography will be directed 
partly toward investigations of the mineral re- 
sources on and beneath the U. S. Continental 
Shelf. To carry out this program, the Survey 
will staff, equip, and support a West Coast lab- 
oratory of marine geology near San Francisco 
Bay from which research will be conducted on 
estuarine processes and Continental Shelf 
geology. On the East Coast, the Survey's pro- 
gram of Continental Shelf investigation, carried 
out jointly with the Woods Hole Oceanographic 
Institution, will be augmented by the purchase 
of major items of scientific equipment to extend 
the scope of the program. In the Gulf Coast 
area, the Survey will expand its effort in the 
collection and interpretation of existing com- 
mercial geological and biological data on the 
Gulf Coast Continental Shelf and will prepare 
this material for publication. 
Studies of bottom samples and geophysical 
data collected by the Coast and Geodetic Survey 
near Hawaii and elsewhere in the North Pacific 
Ocean will continue. 
Bureau of Mines. In FY 1964, the Bureau 
will markedly increase its program to determine 
the economic significance, methods of recovery, 
and utilization of marine mineral resources. 
The extent and grade of oceanic deposits will be 
investigated and research will be initiated on 
techniques and procedures for mining and proc- 
essing material found in the sea. Feasibility 
studies will be made of a submersible research 
vessel for drilling and surveying in the deep 
ocean. Other unusual vehicles for investigations 
on the conservation and development of marine 
resources will be considered for eventual use in 
the Bureau of Mines oceanographic program. 
New and more efficient instruments for studying 
conditions on and under the sea floor will be 
developed and installed on a Bureau of Mines 
survey vessel. Emphasis will be placed on con- 
ceptual design, engineering, and testing of pro- 
totype marine research equipment developed in 
Bureau of Mines facilities, which will benefit 
not only the Bureau's oceanographic program 
but those of other government agencies, private 
institutions, and industry as well. 
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION 
The National Science Foundation will pro- 
vide funds in FY 1964, as in past years, for the 
support of marine geophysics, geology, and geo- 
chemistry programs at various oceanographic 
institutions. The FY 1964 program will highlight 
oll 
an expansion of effort in bathymetric investiga- 
tions; age determination of marine sedimentary 
deposits; paleotemperature studies; sediment 
distribution and drilling operations; organic and 
inorganic geochemistry; sediment transport 
techniques, both in the ocean and on the shore; 
and seismic, gravity, and geothermal investiga- 
tions. In addition, it is expected that coring op- 
erations penetrating to greater depths than have 
hitherto been attainable by conventional coring 
techniques will be conducted in the deep oceans. 
OBJECTIVE FIVE - To determine the modifi- 
cation of the ocean resulting from man's 
activities. 
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
Department of the Navy 
Naval Oceanographic Office. Theoretical 
and field studies of turbulence and diffusion will 
be expanded in both near-shore and deep oceanic 
waters. These studies will provide basic infor- 
mation for application to pollution problems. 
DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR 
Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. Studies 
will be intensified of the effect of radioactive 
substances on marine organisms, and how these 
may be concentrated by plants and animals and 
transmitted to man. 
Geological Survey. The Geological Survey 
will expand its investigations of the distribution 
of radioactive materials within the estuaries 
and near-shore waters of the United States. 
Bureau of Mines. In FY 1964 the Bureau 
will accelerate its coordinated study of the dis- 
posal of oil at sea and in coastal waters, and 
will explore means for preventing or reducing 
pollution caused by this disposal, and possible 
means for alleviating the harmful effects of 
necessary waste oil discharges. 
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, 
EDUCATION, AND WELFARE 
Public Health Service. Principal emphasis 
in the FY 1964 Public Health Service direct re- 
search program will be in the elucidation of 
phenomena associated with the disposal of waste 
in marine environments. Twenty-three coastal 
states depend heavily on estuarine and near- 
shore waters for disposal of domestic and 
