024 
Department of the Treasury 
Coast Guard. The Coast Guard plans to 
spend $313 thousand for survey operations in 
FY 1964; an increase of $102 thousand over 
FY 1963. This includes operations of the Inter- 
national Ice Patrol, the Bering Sea Patrol, Polar 
Operations, Ocean Surveys Patrols, and the 
Oceanographic Unit at Washington, D. C. Other 
Coast Guard activities which contribute to the 
national survey effort are the Ocean Station Ves- 
sels, the Fishery Patrols, lightships, and off- 
shore stations. 
The operations of this agency are closely 
coordinated with those of the Naval Oceano- 
graphic Office and of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey, and space aboard Coast Guard vessels 
will again be made available to scientists from 
other government agencies and the private insti- 
tutions. 
Smithsonian Institution 
Through the activities of the National Sort- 
ing Center, the Smithsonian Institution will ob- 
tain and process biological collections from 
many ships engaged in the Ocean Surveys Pro- 
gram. 
TABLE 7 
Summary of Proposed Support for 
Oceanographic Surveys 
FY 1964 
(Thousands) 
Other 
Ocean Mission- 
Sur- Oriented 
veys Surveys Total 
Naval Oceano- $2,051 $ 9,144 $11,195 
graphic Office 
Coast and Geodetic 3,849 4,131 7,980 
Survey 
Bureau of Com- 125 --- 125 
mercial Fisheries 
Geological Survey 15 --- 15 
Coast Guard --- 313 313 
Public Health 
Service --- 600 600 
TOTAL 
$6,040 $14,188 $20,228 
23 
NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 
E. MANPOWER AND TRAINING 
During the past year, the ICO Panel on 
Manpower and Training has been conducting an 
extensive study of the implications of an expand- 
ing National Oceanographic Program on the 
availability and employment of professionals 
trained in oceanography. In the same context, 
there was also some examination of the supply 
of professionals trained in sciences directly 
related to oceanography such as marine biology, 
meteorology, and geophysics. The general 
situation in oceanographic manpower, however, 
appears reasonably clear. 
While opinions differ as to the extent of 
available manpower in different fields of ocea- 
nography, the study has verified the existence 
of a shortage of scientists trained in the two 
areas given intensive study, physical oceanog- 
raphy and marine taxonomy. Of course the lat- 
ter field is much smaller in terms of manpower 
requirements. 
If the numbers of graduate degrees cur- 
rently awarded in these fields may be considered 
as an index of the number of scientists being 
trained, one may conclude that a much greater 
training effort will be necessary to meet the 
requirements of the research programs pro- 
posed for the close of the decade of the 1960's. 
The two specific fields cited should be consid- 
ered illustrative only. Continued study may re- 
veal shortages in other areas as well. 
The research programs currently proposed 
by the ICO represent, in terms of expenditures, 
an increase of two thirds from the FY 1962 base 
to FY 1964. While scientific manpower require- 
ments engendered by these programs are not 
expected to increase in exact proportion, they 
are expected to expand by perhaps 50 per cent 
over the 1962 level. 
Graduate schools awarded six doctorates 
and nine masters degrees in oceanography in 
academic year 1960-61, the most recent year 
for which national data have been reported by 
the Office of Education. Additional degrees 
were awarded in related sciences to students 
who can be expected to be strongly attracted to 
oceanographic research. This number cannot 
be judged with any precision with the informa- 
tion at hand, but the total number of doctorates 
awarded in related fields not requiring sub- 
stantial additional training for application to 
oceanography probably would not exceed 20 in 
any recent year. A similar figure for masters 
degrees might be 40. 
