594 
In conformity with international agreements re- 
search will continue on various marine animals. 
BCF has pioneered the use of serology, or blood 
group analysis, in the identification and separation 
of races, or subpopulations, of marine fishes. Ex- 
pansion of university support for taxonomic re- 
search is planned. 
Bureau scientists have also made important con- 
tributions to the knowledge of the physiology and 
behavior of fishes and invertebrates and 
strengthen their efforts in the field of taxonomy. 
Expansion of these studies at Woods Hole, La 
Jolla, and Honolulu is planned. 
The Bureau participates in a number of inter- 
national commissions concerned with the conserva- 
tion and use of marine resources. Much of the 
Bureau’s research effort will continue to concern 
salmon and fur seal in the North Pacific, tuna in 
the Eastern Tropical Pacific and groundfish in the 
shallower coastal waters. 
Studies will be continued on the artificial culture 
of marine organisms, particularly shellfish in order 
to determine their response to changes. 
will 
* * * 
Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife: $262,000 
The BSF&W research program consists of the 
following two objectives: 1. Life history studies of 
fish species, to fill gaps in knowledge about distri- 
bution in space and time, age, rates of growth, 
identity, sizes of populations, migratory habits, 
food habits, reproductive seasons, enemies, para- 
sites, and diseases; and 2. Analysis of environ- 
ments, to identify and measure factors affecting 
distribution, movements, abundance, and well-be- 
ing of game-fish species. 
Laboratory and field research will continue at 
the Bureau’s Atlantic Laboratory on Sandy Hook, 
New Jersey, and its Pacific Laboratory at Tiburon, 
California. 
Several broad-based programs are planned for 
FY 1965. The Bureau plans full participation in a 
coastwide cooperative effort to study the life his- 
tory and environment of game species. Charter 
vessels will be used for inshore and continental 
shelf investigations. 
Construction of a field laboratory has been 
planned on Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, to 
study migration of fishes along the Atlantic coast. 
Research will be conducted on the life history 
of such species as sea trout, bluefish, swordfish, and 
sharks, principally through support of graduate 
students in universities, 
NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM—1965 
The environmental tolerances and behavior of 
marine fishes in seawater tanks will be studied. 
* * * 
Geological Survey: $56,000 
USGS will extend its research efforts on modern 
organisms and sedimentary environments to gain 
a better understanding of fossil marine fauna and 
ancient sedimentary rocks. This information is im- 
portant in increasing the accuracy of correlations 
between land and sea areas in the exploration for 
oil and other resources. In cooperation with BCF, 
the USGS will continue environmental studies of 
sessile marine organisms contained on and in sedi- 
ments of bays and the continental shelves. 
* * * 
National Science Foundation: $5,925,000 
NSF will continue to support a wide variety of 
studies of life and living processes in the sea. In 
FY 1965, an orderly continuation of growth is 
planned to support research in systematic biogeo- 
graphic and analogical relations of marine animals 
and plants and their interactions with the marine 
environment. Increased support will also be pro- 
vided for shiptime in biological oceanography and 
for the expansion and improvement of marine lab- 
oratories and their graduate training programs. 
Two oceangoing vessels, one in the Pacific and one 
in the Atlantic, will be used cooperatively by 
scientists from many universities throughout the 
country with emphasis on basic research and grad- 
uate training in marine biology. 
* * * 
Smithsonian Institution: $881,000 
Within the National Oceanograhic Program, 
the main responsibility of the Smithsonian Insti- 
tution will continue to be the collection, preserva- 
tion, and study of marine materials made by the 
Smithsonian Institution itself, by other Federal 
agencies, and by private organizations referring 
collections to the Institution. The Smithsonian 
Oceanographic Sorting Center will process speci- 
mens collected for the National Program as a serv- 
ice to the scientific community. During the past 
year, nearly 4000 lots comprising over 300,000 
specimens were sorted for distribution to special- 
ists in various groups for study. This modest be- 
ginning includes the first collections from the two 
large cooperative oceanographic efforts: the Inter- 
national Indian Ocean Expedition (ILOE) and the 
International Cooperative Investigations of the 
Tropical Atlantic (ICITA). 
