52. COUNCIL OF EUROPE: CE 



Originated in 1949, CE concerns itself with problems of interest 

 to its member nations and sponsors meetings and sjnnposia regarding 

 these concerns, one of which is the protection of international 

 waterways from pollution; another is the legal issues concerning the 

 use of the seabed and its subsoil. In 1970 its members proposed the 

 establishment of the European Ocean Space Commission to unify inter- 

 ests of the nations of Western Europe in the scientific aspects of 

 ocean activities. 



53. EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY: EAC 



Established in 1962 as the East African Common Services Organ- 

 ization, EAC had its name changed to East African Community in 1967. 

 Problems and activities common to its members were its concerns until 

 recent years, when it collapsed because of political unrest. Marine 

 activities were the responsibility of the East African Marine Fisher- 

 ies Research Organization (EAMFRO) , organized in 1953 to investigate 

 the commercial sea fisheries of the East African coast and later made 

 a part of EAC. From 1972 until it collapsed with EAC, EAMFRO was 

 active in marine pollution research. It included a research staff 

 and operated three research vessels. Participating countries were 

 Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. 



54. EAST ASIA HYDROGRAPHIC COMMISSION: EAHC 



EAHC is an independent regional hydrographic commission estab- 

 lished in 1971 and comprising chiefs of hydrographic offices or ser- 

 vices of Burma, China, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, and Thailand. 

 Though independent, it operates within the framework of the Inter- 

 national Hydrographic Organization (IHO). 



55. EUROPEAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMUNITY: EURATOM 

 Established in 1958, EURATOM contributes to the raising of 



standards of living in member states by promoting the development 

 of nuclear industries. It also takes preventive measures to protect 

 the environment, including the marine environment, from nuclear 

 accidents and from the haphazard disposal of nuclear wastes. 



56. EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY: EEC 



Also called the "Common Market," EEC came into effect in 1958 

 following the ratification of a treaty by Belgium, France, Italy, 

 Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and West Germany. Denmark, Ireland, and 

 the United Kingdom joined it in 1973. Its purpose is to work toward 

 a customs-free union and free flow of goods and services. It also 

 takes an active interest in fishery research and fishing industries 

 and includes the Cooperation Europeenne dans le Domaine de la Re- 

 cherche Scientifique et Technique (COST), which cioncerns itself with 

 oceanography, among other things; and a Consultative Committee on 

 Fisheries whidh includes an Aquaculture Working Group (AWG). It 

 sponsors the Association of Fish Industries of the EEC, known as 

 AIPCEE for Association des Industries du Poisson de la GEE, founded 

 in 1959; and EUROPECHE, the Association of National Organizations 

 of Fishing Enterprises of the EEC, founded in 1962. 



Other areas of concern of EEC are the development of a common 

 fishery policy in the light of the creation of 200-mile economic 

 zones, development of alternate energy sources using resources of the 

 continental shelf, development of mineral resources of the (iontinen- 

 tal shelf and the international seabed, and the prevention of marine 

 pollution. 



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