302. LONG-TERM AND EXPANDED PROGRAM OF OCEANIC EXPLORATION AND 

 RESEARCH: LEPOR 



LEPOR is the scientific program that IOC adopted at its ninth 

 session in 1969. The first phase of LEPOR, known as the accelera- 

 tion phase, is the International Decade of Ocean Exploration (IDOE), 

 which incorporates all projects to be carried out during the decade 

 1971-80. Entries 303 through 324 describe these projects. 



The broad purpose of LEPOR is "... to increase knowledge of the 

 ocean, its contents, the contents of its subsoil, and its inter- 

 faces with the land, atmosphere, and ocean floor, and to improve 

 understanding of the processes operating in or affecting the marine 

 environment with the goal of enhanced utilization of the ocean and 

 its resources for the benefit of mankind." 



303. INTERNATIONAL DECADE OF OCEAN EXPLORATION: IDOE 



IDOE was proposed by the United States in 1968 and accepted 

 internationally in the same year as the acceleration phase of LEPOR, 

 IDOE consists of national programs that are so comprehensive and so 

 large that participation of scientists is actively sought. IDOE can 

 be coordinated through bilateral, multilateral, regional, or broad 

 international arrangements. The Decade is to last from 1971 to 1980. 

 Plans to continue cooperative programs in the post-IDOE are curently 

 under review. 



IDOE programs generally fall into one of four major areas. Those 

 identified to date are described according to the major area. 



Environmental Quality 



Major research areas for the IDOE program in environmental quality 

 include baseline data collection, studies of the transfer and effects 

 of pollutants, and the use of geochemical analysis in the study of 

 diffusion, mixing, and large-scale ocean circulation. Entries 304 

 through 311 describe the programs identified to date. 



304. GLOBAL INVESTIGATION OF POLLUTION IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: 

 GIPME 



A comprehensive plan, GIPME was proposed by IOC's GELTSPAP and 

 accepted in 1972. An IOC International Coordination Group, later re- 

 placed by a Working Committee, finalized the plans in 1976. The plan 

 provides for an internationally coordinated research program that 

 will develop criteria for marine pollution monitoring. Studies being 

 developed include baseline studies; terrestrial, atmospheric, and 

 river inputs of pollutants to the oceans; process-determining path- 

 ways and distributions of pollutants; mass balances of pollutants; 

 close-response relations between pollutants and marine organisms; bio- 

 accumulation of pollutants; monitoring biological effects; long-term 

 effects of pollutants on marine ecosystems; periodic review of the 

 state of "health" of the ocean; the organization of laboratory net- 

 works; the development of training programs; and the exchange of 

 scientific data. 



305. CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEM POLLUTION EXPERIMENT: CEPEX 



A 6-year program, announced in 1973, CEPEX is to learn how pol- 

 lutants affect plant and animal life in the world oceans. Specifi- 

 cally, the program will study the effects of chemical pollutants on 

 plankton. Canada, United States, and United Kingdom are participating, 

 and test sites are in British Columbia, Canada, and Scotland. Associ- 

 ated with CEPEX is the term "Controlled Experimental Ecosystem (CEE)," 

 a plastic cylinder in which water is impounded and studied during CEPEX 

 experiments. 



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