The Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) was organized in 1972 when the 

 several mapping activities in DOD w^re consolidated into one office. 

 Its Hydrographic Center (DMA/HC) is responsible for the preparation 

 and dissemination of nautical charts and related publications, includ- 

 ing Pilot Charts and Notices to Mariners, for areas outside territor- 

 ial waters, formerly the responsibility of the Naval Oceanographic 

 Office. Its Topographic Center (DMA/TC) assumed the responsibilities 

 for mapping formerly assigned to the Army Map Service (AMS), and the 

 Aerospace Center (DMA/AC) assumed the responsibilities of the former 

 Aeronautical Chart and Information Center (ACIC) of the Department 

 of the Air Force. DMA also includes the DOD Bathymetry Library. 



381. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY: DOA 



Most of the marine-related activities of DOA are handled by the 

 Corps of Engineers (COE), sometimes referred to as the Army Corps of 

 Engineers (ACE). Responsibilities of COE include environmental re- 

 search and development programs in support of its military and civil 

 works programs. Specific activities include river and harbor improve- 

 ment, coastal engineering, and hydraulics. 



It is responsible for the Inner Continental Shelf Sediments and 

 Structure Program (ICONS), a continuing program covering U.S. coastal 

 areas including the Great Lakes. It maintains the Selected Legally 

 Protected Animals (SLPA) file, a central repository of information on 

 the legal status of endangered wildlife species as identified by Fed- 

 eral and State legislation and the Sensitive Wildlife Information 

 System (SWIS) containing species information on endangered wildlife. 



Currently COE is responsible for the National Watervays Study 

 (NWS) authorized by the Water Resources Development Act of 1976. 

 Coastal and other navigable waters are being described and assessed, 

 and recommendations regarding their use and maintenance will be made 

 at the end of the study in 1980. Most of these studies and programs 

 are conducted in the Corp's district offices. Its Wilmington District 

 devised the Coastal Research Amphibious Buggy (CRAB), a mechanical 

 surveying vehicle for taking measurements in the surf zone. 



Separate administrative organizations in the Corps are the Army 

 Engineers Waterways Experiment Station (AEWES or WES), the Coastal 

 Engineering Research Center (CERC), the Cold Regions Research and 

 Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), and the institute for Water Resources 

 (IWR). 



AEWES supports research for the development of harbors, evaluation 

 of tidal hydraulics, and study of estuarine pollution. It manages 

 the Aquatic Plant Control Research Program (APCRP) to rid navigable 

 waterways of certain aquatic plants; the Dredged Material Research 

 Program (DMRP), which was completed in March 1978 and superseded by 

 the Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOTS); the Hydraulic 

 Engineering Information Analysis Center (HEIAC) , which includes 

 data on coastal and estuarine waters; and a Hydraulic Engineering 

 Center (HEC), which is responsible for gathering and evaluating data 

 necessary for developing water programs and projects. 



CERC was originally established in the Corps of Engineers in 1930 

 as the Beach Erosion Board (BEB). BEB was primarily an advisory 

 board on coastal erosion, and in 1936 it was abolished and its func- 

 tions were transferred to the newly created Coastal Engineering 

 Research Center whose mission was expanded to emphasize research on 

 coastal engineering. CERC's chief responsibilities include studies 

 of shore processes and the environmental impact of coastal develop- 

 ment. It operated the Coastal Engineering Information Analysis Cen- 

 ter (CEIAC) responsible for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating 

 information on coastal engineering and technology. It developed the 



83 



