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use of funds. Operational review procedures, compatible with the 
academic environment, are required to a greater extent than hereto- 
fore and must be encouraged. 
In making a commitment to provide educational facilities and to 
conduct research aimed at utilization of research results, at develop- 
ment of techniques, and at design of equipment applicable to develop- 
ment of resources, a university sometimes finds itself unable to complete 
the transfer to an appropriately competent industry, or it finds its 
faculty unwilling to make the transfer as soon as it should be made. 
Greatly improved management methods need to be developed to im- 
prove the success of this transfer process, or to avoid making the com- 
mitment in the first place if, indeed, it is not to be fulfilled. The entire 
process relating engineering (or mission related) research to economic 
development is one deserving great attention. 
Over the past decades, a highly effective means of communication 
has been developed between sponsoring agencies and the administrative 
and academic personnel in educational institutions. It is not so clear 
that an equally effective mode of communication exists between the 
Federal agencies and the policymaking bodies of our educational in- 
stitutions. In many cases, these policy bodies are composed of repre- 
sentatives of industry and business who should be as close to the 
sponsoring agency as the faculty, but who often are not. 
At a time when national policy is being made affecting the ability 
of educational institutions to meet new national goals, and which 
policy should include the private sector as a partner in the enterprise, 
it would seem that new and radically improved communications need 
to be established among the policymaking bodies—the boards of 
trustees of educational institutions and the Federal agencies. 
Again, over the past decades, grant and contracting arrangements 
have been developed whereby the great majority of engineering and 
scientific talents within universities have been made available to fur- 
ther the national engineering scientific goals. 
An additional reservoir of engineering and scientific talent exists 
within our industrial research laboratories which can cooperate with, 
and supplement, and increase the research output performed by the 
university sector, especially in applied research. Some of this coopera- 
tion exists now, although there is frequently a more competitive than 
cooperative feeling between industrial and university laboratories. 
This suggests that new policy and a new framework for joint industry- 
university research might be developed, that new methods of grant and 
contract participation by industry might be encouraged by the Con- 
gress, in order to stimulate more cooperative relations between indus- 
try and university activities. I believe that the prime grantee (or 
contractor) responsibility should occasionally be placed within suit- 
ably chosen industrial laboratories, where this action can be expected 
to speed up the process of technology transfer. 
In reviewing the broad institutional proposals submitted by uni- 
versities under the encouragement of the present sea grant program, 
the engineering elements and technological scope within these pro- 
posals sometimes appear lacking in imagination, in definiteness of 
objectives, in realism of techniques, and in realism of costing to pro- 
duce anticipated results, compared to the scientific components of these 
proposals. 
