742 
Dr. Curisry. I agree wholeheartedly on that, that the diversity of 
rules and regulations is such that it is almost impossible to achieve 
rational rules without interstate cooperation and possibly without 
some Federal intervention. 
Mr. Kerry. But we must not tilt with windmills. We know that it 
is impossible, or has been thus far impossible, to amend some of the 
legislation pertaining to crew and to the construction of vessels. 
What are our chances of achieving in the foreseeable future the 
objectives of which you speak so enthusiastically as you view this 
segment of the problem ? 
Dr. Curisty. Well, I wouldn’t know how to evaluate the chances. 
I think that in certain instances and in certain cases we may begin to 
achieve this kind of management. We do so now in some cases in a 
de facto manner. 
You may know that in some of the Maine lobster fisheries the lob- 
stermen themselves in a sense control the amount of effort. That is, 
if a foreigner to Maine comes in and attempts to plant lobster pots 
in several areas, he is quite hastily discouraged from doing so. 
We have the same kind of situation in oysters in Worcester County 
in Maryland. So that there are attempts to do this in certain cases. 
Mr. Kerrru. But that is, is it not, because of the State’s rights with 
respect to the shoreline, and the 3-mile limit? Doesn’t the State have 
jurisdiction ? 
Dr. Curisty. The State has jurisdiction, but these are de facto 
rather than de jure, that is, the fishermen themselves have recognized 
the need for it and have done it in some way or other. 
Canada has begun to control entry with respect to the lobster fishery 
and the salmon fishery on the Pacific coast. They have a kind of license 
scheme that they are getting underway. 
What I am suggesting in my testimony is that there may be oppor- 
tunities for doing this in the newly developing or presently under- 
developed fisheries where you would not create hardship for the 
fishermen themselves and where you would provide the opportunity for 
initiating this kind of a scheme. 
Mr. Kerr. Can you give us a specific example? 
Dr. Curisty. The anchovy fishery off California, for example, has 
been underdeveloped because of the rules and regulations against the 
reduction plants for anchovies. As this institutional impediment is 
removed, we can open up an anchovy fishery and at the same time limit 
the number of fishermen without creating hardships. 
The State or the Federal Government could employ this kind of a 
scheme so that you will stop at the point prior to the employment of 
excess numbers of anchovy fishermen. 
Mr. Kerrn. Well, this 1s good in theory, but where can I as a Con- 
eressman make a start toward achieving some of the objectives that you 
have in mind? 
It seems to me that the one you chose is limited to the west coast and 
a regional approach would be much more possible than a national 
program requiring Federal legislation. 
Dr. Curisty. Well, I agree that it would be preferable. 
Mr. Kerrn. Is there any area at the Federal level where legislation 
might be passed to further tackle this problem ? 
