i 
930 
May I ask one more question, Mr. Chairman, and then T will stop? 
I don’t know whether you really want to speak directly to this ques- 
tion or not, Mr. Secretary. Let me ask it. 
As you evaluate the relative national and international importance 
of major steps in the field of the oceans and the atmosphere versus 
major additional steps in the field of space, how would you evaluate 
these from the criteria of national and international importance, one 
in relationship to the other ? 
Dr. Trisvs. This is an extremely difficult question to answer. I chink 
I tend to agree with Dr. Paine, who has said that in many things these 
just aren’t comparable. 
There is, first of all, the whole question of our approach in this 
country to spending money. Sometimes we make investments and some- 
times we spend money, and it doesn’t seem to me we always distinguish 
between them. 
Sometimes we proceed toward goals which have a quality that every- 
one agrees it’s a good thing to do because that is just in tune with our 
character. Other time we do things which people don’t even know 
that we are doing which enhance our economic capability. I am not 
ducking your question entirely, but I find it an extremely difficult one 
to answer simply because it seems to me that there is implied here an 
either-or quality which I am not sure is essential or is inherent in the 
situation. 
Some of the things we can do have a multiplying effect. A certain 
amount of money spent in standardizing instruments, a certain amount 
of money spent in mapping and charting may produce enormous 
dividends. 
Then in the space program it may be that you have to spend a lot 
of money before you realize your dividends. 
Certainly what is going to happen to this Nation in the field of 
communications, what is going to happen in better monitoring in the 
atmosphere that has come out of the space program in many ways is 
going to be extremely difficult to calculate. 
Iam sure we are going to get breakthroughs with respect to meteor- 
ology, particularly “with respect to things” like the hurricane which 
would be impossible without our weather satellite, and we wouldn’t 
have had our weather satellites without the space program. 
So that, in a certain sense, we are talking about a program that is 
very expensive 1n the space program but which has potentialities which 
boggle the mind, and then we talk about another program which is 
of lesser order of magnitude of expense which has return which is 
significant, and at this point I am just unable to make a good contrast. 
“Mr. Denten BACK. Thank you. 
Mr. Lennon.‘ Mr. Karth. 
Mr. Kartu. Mr. Chairman, Mr. Secretary, contrary to what some 
of my colleagues might imply, IT am encouraged by your testimony. I 
think I agree > with you. You are not excessively. modest. 
Dr. Trius. Iam glad you qualified. Thanks for that, sir. 
Mr. Kartu. I would rather suggest that you are one who gives 
very serious consideration to the definition of the word “authority” 
and the responsibility that goes with it insofar as it relates to judg- 
ments made or not made at this point by those who are superior to you 
in the echelons of Government. 
