1036 
the efforts of this subcommittee than those who were directly con- 
nected in the Navy at the time. 
We absolutely were able to demonstrate the great economies both 
in time, manpower, and monies that could be effected by making use 
of our merchant marine to carry research vans, enabling scientists 
to collect oceanographic information while the ship was under w ay on 
a not-to-interfere basis, giving us intensive patterns of data that to- 
day we still do not have. 
So we proved it, and it has yet to be accepted as an important 
technical tool for research and application, 
Another example was the development of what we now call remote 
sensing clever, the establishement of the world’s first underwater 
audio-video observatory, that enabled scientists to sit im a laboratory 
and see what was going on in the oceanic environment, and to listen 
to what was going on, and to record those events, and to actually have 
the means for controlling the hydrophones and the underwater video 
to concentrate on sectors of the oceanic environment. 
That was a terribly important tool for studying such practical 
things as the effectiveness of sharp repellants, the effectiveness of 
certain kinds of marine antifouling devices and substances, et cetera. 
That was demonstrated to be feasible, valuable. It has yet to find its 
way into the armory of technical tools for research and application. 
This is a long way of responding to your question, sir, but I merely 
vish to point out that w hether the research is in the same organiza- 
Hoh as the application, or in a separated organization, organiza- 
tional juxtaposition does not necessarily insure that there will be an 
orderly and expeditious transfer of basic discovery and application. 
Mr. Derienpack. I read you as saying at the same time, Doctor, 
that it would be desirable, viewed from our overall national interest, 
to have increased coordination between the pure research and the 
application. 
Dr. Garrer. Absolutely. 
Mr. DELLENB. \ck, That the present system is failing to achieve the 
ultimate desirable potential, and in the examples you alluded to some 
specifics 
Dr. Gauuer. In my personal opinion, yes, sir. 
Mr. Dettensack. Would you say also that there is desirable poten- 
tial in a blend over and above that which is existent at the present 
time between that which Government does and that which the private 
sector of the economy does, either in research or at least coordination 
between what is done in some governmental units and what private 
industry is doing? Would you say also, moving into this field of ap- 
plication, that there could be value derived from i improving the blend 
of governmental input and private enterprise input? 
Dr. Gatien. My personal strong “Yes.” 
Mr. Detiennack. And you would feel, also, I gather from a com- 
ment that was made in the remarks you made on your own behalf 
and on behalf of Secretary Ripley, that increased funding is an essen- 
tial both for basic research, and I suppose beyond basic research, for 
the application. 
Dr. Gauuer. Sir, I can state both personally and officially yes, 
indeed. 
Mr. Detitenpack. Without asking you, then, to make any more 
direct comment on the NOAA concept per se, I am pleased, Mr. Chair- 
