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tions expect from a nation so huge in scientific, technological, and 
economic power as is the United States. 
The United States has now come out well in the space race, and we 
began doing so the moment we put our mind to it, set up the organiza- 
tion to do the job, and anted up the money. a) 
It is not doing well in the ocean race, and it will not do so until it 
makes up its mind to do so, organizes to do so, and puts up the money 
to do it. H.R. 13247 would mark a great step in that direction, and I 
think a vitally necessary one. 
One can see the military need for the space program, and even the 
social need for the exhilirating discovery and adventure that it pro- 
duces. I have never opposed the space program, and do not now. _ 
The trouble is the ocean is even more important from a security 
standpoint, the adventure and discovery elements are equally intrigu- 
ing, but people can make money out of the ocean, and not out of space. 
The Bureau of the Budget seems to frown on this sort of thing. 
To put it bluntly, humanity and its governments are composed of 
two sets of people—the land people, and the sea people. The two are 
basically different. The sea tries out people who go upon it from all 
races, and casts back ashore the people it cannot tolerate. 
The sea people from different races have more in common with each 
other intellectually, psychologically, spiritually, and socially than 
each has with the land people of their own race. They are a breed apart. 
But the land people are the numerous sort. They control all govern- 
ment agencies at all levels of government, and as long as they continue 
to do so, the sea people will continue to be whipsawed between them. 
This sort of thing, bureaus of the budget in all governments like and 
support. They can then control things better. 
In the California State government, we now have formed the new 
Department of Navigation and Ocean Resources, whose sole preoccu- 
ation will be the ocean and immediate coastal zone. This is a rarity. 
Ve expect it to prosper. 
It can do this best if there is a sea agency in the Federal Government 
to match and support it, a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency. 
Who knows, if we can take that momentous step, we may even be able 
in time to obtain a world oceanic agency and be able to get on effec- 
tively with bending the ocean a little toward man’s will, and making 
efficient use of its vast resources. 
That is the end of my statement, sir. 
(Dr. Chapman’s prepared statement follows :) 
STATEMENT OF W. M. CHAPMAN 
My name is Wilbert McLeod Chapman. I am Director, Marine Resources, 
Ralston Purina Company and member of the Board of Directors, Living Marine 
Resources, Inc. I also act in an advisory or consulting capacity on numerous 
public Boards, Commissions, Panels, Working Groups, etc., concerned with 
marine affairs at the international, national, and state (California) level, and 
have done so for a good many years. My curriculum vitae, employment record, 
present, and recent past, connections are set out in the attached biographical 
sketch as of July, 1969. 
I am very pleased that you have asked me to comment on H.R. 13247. I think 
it to be an excellent bill and one of great practical importance not only to the 
United States, but to the world, as I shall develop below. 
The notion of consolidating the major civilian agencies concerned with marine 
and atmospheric affairs into a single agency in the Federal structure is not a 
new one. The need has been recognized on an ever broadening basis for a decade, 
