must be constructed and operated. Someone must develop and approve 

 standards for operating and maintaining pipelines or other means to bring 

 the fuel to shore for further inland distribution. Assuring their compat- 

 ibility with other developments or activities will bring in state, regional, 

 and local interests as well as interests of other nations. 



The confusion over responsibility for these interlinked and complex 

 matters is symbolized by current legislative approaches to control the 

 development of deep-water ports. At least six major bills are in the con- 

 gressional hopper now assigning lead-agency responsibility for such de- 

 velopments alternatively to Interior, Commerce, and the Environmental 

 Protection Agency, and noting cross-jurisdictional implications with other 

 agencies as well. 



It is quite realistic to anticipate a rapidly growing need to control 

 the siting of other offshore structures, floating, moored, or fixed, including: 

 powerplants, airports, waste disposal sites, mariculture platforms, and rec- 

 reational and living accommodations. The Federal Aviation Administra- 

 tion, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Maritime Administration, 

 the Departments of Defense and State, and other Federal agencies, and 

 state governments, have an active part to play in these developments, as 

 of course does private industry. 



A Department for natural resources nmst be organized in such a way 

 that it can take a leadership role in moving ahead swiftly but surely with 

 whatever projects are chosen for development. 



OBJECTIVES OF MARINE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 



Organizational remedies for the above depend in part on the purpose 

 to be served. We believe the new Department should undertake three re- 

 lated but managerially distinct tasks which apply equally to land and 

 marine resources. In marine terms they are: 



• encouraging the dexelopment and conservation of marine resources 

 including offshore oil and gas, other minerals, and fish, and of other 

 uses of the coastal and marine environment including recreation, 

 waste disposal, siting of facilities, and transportation to meet national 

 needs; 



• coordinating and regulating these activities in the light of their en- 

 vironmental impact, national economic objectives, multiple-use con- 

 flicts, and international implications; 



• providing technical, engineering development, and scientific services 

 that cut across organizational lines, within and outside the Depart- 

 ment, including surveys, environmental monitoring, prediction and 

 control, and basic information relating to engineering and tech- 

 nology development. 



The failure to recognize the significance of these distinctions regarding 



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