400 curies, and 12,5 curies, respectively, it is evident that wastes from 

 ion exchange beds cannot be discharged into harbors and other inshore 

 waters. 



Our recommendations pertaining to harbors, estuaries, and other 

 inshore environments (Zone 1) are as follows: 



Recommendation 1 : No solid radioactive wastes or spent ion exchange 

 resins should be discharged into harbors or estuaries, or into coastal 

 waters within 2 miles of the shoreline, from nuclear -powered ships. 



Recommendation 2 : Nuclear -powered surface ships should be equipped 

 with tanks capable of containing any liquid wastes which accumulate dur- 

 ing the time such ships are in harbors, estuaries and other inshore 

 waters, and such wastes should not be discharged until the ship has 

 reached the open waters of the continental shelf. (Restrictions on dis- 

 charges in this latter environment are treated later in this summary.) 

 Other means of restricting the introduction of such wastes into the in- 

 shore environment would also be allowable. 



Recommendation 3 : For certain special types of nuclear -powered ships, 

 other than surface ships, for which Recommendation 2 would result in 

 significant operational disadvantages, the requirements of that recom- 

 mendation may be relaxed providing that: 



(a) Detailed evaluation of each specific major port of call and 

 harbor base for such vessels be carried out using the general approach 

 outlined in this report, such evaluation serving to establish the permis- 

 sible activity and frequency of discharge. Actual discharges should be 

 maintained well below the maximum permissible number and activity 

 until the results of detailed environmental monitoring are available, and 

 in any case should be maintained as much below the maximum permis- 

 sible as is technically feasible. 



(b) A detailed monitoring program be maintained, on a continuing 

 basis, in the vicinity of each nuclear ship base and major port of call. 

 (See also Recommendation 11.) 



The coastal area, between 2 miles and 12 miles 

 from the shoreline (Zone 2): 



A 10 mile wide segment of this subdivision, extending from the in- 

 shore edge to the offshore boundary and considered as a ship traffic 

 route, was employed in the sample computations for the inner continental 



