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(d) Notwithstanding any provision of title I of the 
Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 to 
the contrary, durmg the two-year period beginning on the 
date of the enactment of this Act, no permit may be issued 
under such title I that authorizes the dumping of any low- 
level radioactive waste unless the Administrator of the Envi- 
ronmental Protection Agency determines— 
(1) that the proposed dumping is necessary to con- 
duct research— 
(A) on new technology related to ocean 
dumping, or 
(B) to determime the degree to which the 
dumping of such substance will degrade the 
marine environment; 
(2) that the scale of the proposed dumping is lim- 
ited to the smallest amount of such material and the 
shortest duration of time that is necessary to fulfill the 
purposes of the research, such that the dumping will 
have minimal adverse impact upon human health, wel- 
fare, and amenities, and the marine environment, eco- 
logical systems, economic potentialties, and other le- 
gitimate uses; 
(3) after consultation with the Secretary of Com- 
merce, that the potential benefits of such research will 
outweigh any such adverse impact; and 
