e the production of maps and charts for the earth, the oceans, and the 
national air space; 
e the establishment of geodetic data; 
e the provision of comprehensive environmental and other data services; 
® the classification of public lands for leasable minerals and water power 
sites ; 
® the identification and evaluation of potential energy and mineral 
resources, including those of the Outer Continental Shelf; 
® the conduct of research and technological development consistent with 
agency responsibilities. 
In summary, the functions we have in mind are those of NOAA, the 
Geological Survey, the marine and coastal zone portion of the civil plan- 
ning, policy, and funding activities of the Corps of Engineers, the sub- 
merged lands management and mineral leasing program on the Outer 
Continental Shelf presently assigned to the Bureau of Land Management 
of the Department of the Interior, marine-related functions of Interior’s 
Bureau of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife, and finally the U.S. Coast Guard. 
Three functions involving the establishment of a national marine affairs 
plan, regulating U.S. affairs accordingly, and coordinating permit and 
regulatory activities for weather modification are new. 
The possibility that such a reorganization might seriously disrupt existing 
land-oriented functions carried out by these organizations must be recog- 
nized. We believe it need not, and that the enhancement of the ocean- 
oriented prospects is important enough to put this belief to the test. 
Although we cannot document our belief rigorously, it seems clear that 
the Geological Survey, NOAA, and the Coast Guard can—and do— 
provide their services to the Federal and private sector at large, not to 
just the Departments in which they are at the moment lodged, and that 
they could continue to do so while benefiting from closer organizational 
ties and a greater emphasis on lagging oceanic requirements. One cannot 
be so sure of the other suggested transfers, but we justify the serious con- 
sideration of these possibilities and an effort to make it work in the next 
section. 
The Three R’s 
An important aspect of the functional approach is the need NACOA 
sees to associate, for proper marine management, the three broad functions: 
resource management, regulation, and research. It is general experience 
that each would tend to go its own way unless there is a capstone, some 
longer view that sees to it: 
¢ that regulation is sensitive not only to the larger need of the public 
good, but to the practical conditions in which it must operate; 
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