LETTER OF SUBMITTAL 
Tue Lisprary OF CONGRESS, 
CoNGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE, 
Washington, D.C., June 18, 1976. 
Hon. Ernest F. Hoiiines, 
Chairman, National Ocean Policy Study, Senate Committee on Com- 
merce, Washington, D.C. 
Dear Mr. Hotiines: In response to your request, we are submitting 
a compendium on Soviet Oceans Deveiopment. 
The compendium includes analyses of Soviet ocean policy; evolu- 
tion of Soviet seapower; the development of the merchant marine; 
fisheries policy; scientific and technological developments in the 
oceans; and mineral exploitation. The final part of the study is 
focussed on comparative strengths and weaknesses of the ocean capa- 
bilities of the United States and the U.S.S.R., and on the issue of re- 
organization of U.S. ocean activities in the Federal Government. 
The compendium includes articles from a number of outstanding 
U.S. and foreign scholars, civil servants from several Federal Gov- 
ernment agencies, and specialists in ocean policy and Soviet affairs 
at the Congressional Research Service. 
The study was co-edited by Dr. John Hardt, Senior Specialist in 
Soviet Economics and Dr. Herman Franssen, Analyst in Science and 
Technology, Ocean and Coastal Resources Project of the Congres- 
sional Research Service. Ronda Bresnick, Research Assistant in 
Soviet Economics assisted the editors. Assistance and insight was pro- 
vided by Dr. James Curlin, Chief, Ocean and Coastal Resources Proj- 
ect, Congressional Research Service. 
Each of the authors in this compendium expresses his own profes- 
sional views. The views of the outside authors are not necessarily the 
views of Congressional Research Service. Likewise, the summary pre- 
pared by the National Oceans Policy Study Staff of the Senate Com- 
merce Committee does not necessarily reflect the views of Congressional 
Research Service or the individual authors. The Highlight of Authors’ 
Contributions prepared by Dr. Hardt attempts to reflect the divergent 
views of various authors. Ultimately each express their own views in 
their respective chapters. 
We hope that this compendium will serve the needs of the National 
Ocean Policy Study as well as those of other committees and Members 
of Congress. 
Sincerely, 
Norman BECKMAN, 
Acting Director, 
Congressional Research Service. 
(Vv) 
