250 
part in the Institute’s projects is taken by scientists from Leningrad 
University, Moscow State University, the Zoological Institute, the State 
Oceanographic Institute, the Far Eastern Hydrometeorological In- 
stitute, the Naval Hydrographic Board, fisheries institutes and other 
agencies of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences and ministries.’ 
The Academy system apparently provides a center for coordination 
and organization of ocean research. Several examples of these activi- 
ties are described in the press. An international issue, for example, 
involved the Academy of Sciences and the State Committee for 
Science and Technology. The Bureau of the Oceanographic Commis- 
sion heard the report of a member of the Institute of Oceanology 
on the need for developing the International Decade of Ocean Ex- 
ploration (IDOE). The Bureau felt that the U.S. proposals for IDOE 
were unsatisfactory and called for the preparation of a Soviet plan. 
A working group was formed composed of fourteen oceanologists 
from different specialized fields. It heard the opinions of different 
scientific organizations and individual specialists and compiled a 
preliminary program plan. The plan was sent to the State Committee 
for Science and Technology for subsequent implementation.'** 
In another instance, the Academy of Sciences, Moscow State 
University and the Ministry of Fisheries were involved. In 1969, at 
the instigation of the Ministry of Fisheries, the Oceanographic Com- 
mission’s working group on oceanographic tables and standards jointly 
with the State Oceanographic Institute convened a special conference 
on the preparation of new Soviet oceanographic tables. The Con- 
ference decided that because of the fishery industry’s need for certain 
tables, a number of them would be reprinted, and it requested that 
the Oceanology Department of Moscow State University undertake 
to prepare updated tables.1*” 
The U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences Institute of State and Law may 
also act in an advisory or technical capacity on ocean issues. The 
Institute has an International Maritime Law Section and staff which 
studies ocean developments.'** The Institute has sponsored the publica- 
tion of a number of books describing basic problems in contemporary 
international law of the sea. In “The Ocean, Technology and Law’’,’*? 
the international problems are analyzed in relation to  scientific- 
technological progress. ‘“‘For the first time in history, mankind faces 
the need in these wide open spaces [the oceans] to more effectively 
and also more rationally regulate methods and rates of exploitation 
of the ocean’s living and mineral resources. This situation, in turn, 
raises a need for more precise definitions and improvement of legal 
155A. S$. Monin and V. G. Bogorov, ‘‘Twenty years of the Institute of Oceanography, U.S.S.R. 
Academy of Sciences," Oceanology, no. 6, (1966), p. 879. The Institute of Oceanology has, for ex- 
ample, conducted extensive work on studies of iron manganaese nodules, and organizes research ex- 
peditions in which scientific members from many other institutes participate. See A. I. Blazhchishin, 
and Ye. M. Yemel’yanov, ‘‘Geological Investigations in the Baltic Sea aboard the Research Vessel 
‘Professor Dobrynin,'’’ Oceanology, no. 6 (1969), pp. 899-908. P. L. Bezrukov, “The 43rd Cruise of 
the Research Vessel ‘Uityaz’ in the Central Pacific,” Oceanology, no. 1, (1969), pp. 153-60. 
156 Zenkevich, ‘“‘The Work of the Oceanographic Commission in 1968,” p. 447. 4 ; 
157 Dobrovol’skiy, ““Oceanographic Commission of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences During 
1969," p. 731. 
58M. I. Lazarev, ‘International Maritime Law: A Glimpse into the Future,’’ Sovetskoe gosudarstvo 
i pravo, no. 1 (1971). 
59M. I. Lazarev and L. V. Speranskaia, eds., Okean, Tekhnologiia, Pravo [The Ocean, Technolo- 
gy, and Law] (Moscow: Iurisdicheskaia Literatura, 1973), trans. Terese Sulikcwski for Resources for 
ia bie hers Selected chapters published in ‘‘Ocean Development and International Law Journal 3” 
iz OD) 
