518 
(16) Astrakhan Technical Institute of Fish Industry and Economy. 
(ATIRPKh) Astrakhan. (Prepares specialists in ichthyology and fish 
culture. 
(17) Kaliningrad Technical Institute of Fish Economy (KTIRKh), 
Kaliningrad. Prepares specialists in echthyology and fish culture. 
(18) Technical Institute of Fish Industry and Economy of Far East, 
Vladivostok. Prepares ichthyologists and fish cultures. 
(19) All Union Correspondence Training Institute of Food Industry; 
Faculty of Ichthyology and Fish Culture. 
(20) Kherson Technical School of Fish Culture, Kherson, Ukraine. 
To a separate group of fish culture institutions belong the following: 
(1) Central Station for Acclimatization (CPAS). (Transportation 
of fishes from one water to another; now attention is given to trans- 
plantation of the eel to the waters of the U.S.S.R.). 
(2) Kazakh Republic Station for Acclimatization. (Works on accli- 
matization of invertebrates as a food for fish.) 
(3)  Inter-kolkhoz Institute, Khabarovsk (opened 1966). 
(Consultation in Current problems of fish culture and fishery for kolk- 
hozes of the Far East.) 
(4) Azov-Black Seas Fish Culture Biological Laboratory, Kerch. 
(Fish culture and acclimatization of fish.) 
(5) Karel Acclimatization Station, Petrozavodsk. 
(6) Kura Experimental Hatchery for Sturgeon Culture, on Kura 
River, Krasnodar Territory. 
ALGAE CULTURE 
In many foreign countries, most notably the Soviet Union, the artifi- 
cial cultivation of aquatic plant life contributes substantially to the 
national economy. In the Soviet Union, single cell algae, known as 
Chlorella and Scenedesmus are cultivated on an industrial scale. In 
contrast, there is little research and exploitation of these algae in 
the United States. 
While the cultivation of algae dates back to before the turn of 
the century, the most intensive research on the technology of algae 
culture has occurred since World War II. In the United States, 
research on the subject was most intense during the 1950’s, declining 
in emphasis from the 1960’s to the present time. At the same time, 
intensive research initiated in the Soviet Union, Japan, and East Eu- 
ropean countries in the 1950’s has continued to date. The literature 
on algae culture is extensive. A recent Soviet monograph contains 
193 citations in the bibliography (135 Russian and 58 Western).!? 
The heavy emphasis on algae culture in the Soviet Union and East 
European countries has gone largely unnoticed in the United States.“ 
Chlorella, Scenedesmus, and a few other varieties of protococcal 
microalgae are attractive objects of mass cultivation for a number 
of reasons. First, they are distinguished by their high nutritional con- 
tent, consisting of 50-60 percent protein, 30-35 percent carbohydrate, 
and 7-10 percent fat. They are also rich in various vitamins.'* 
2 Muzafarov, A.M. et al. Chlorella: methods of mass cultivation and applications. Tashkent, 1974, 
129 p. (FRD Abstract No. 2293.) 
'S The contributions of Mr. Joseph Rowe of the Federal Research Division, Library of Congress to 
this section of the study are gratefully acknowledged. Mr. Rowe provided all of the little-known 
source material on Soviet algae culture. 
4 Tbid. 
5 Kaz’min, V.D. Azure field Moscow, ‘‘Znaniye’’ Publishing House, 1974, pp.15-30 (in Russian). 
