292 



Article 2 



The sovereignty of a coastal State extends to the air space over the 

 territorial sea as well as to its bed and subsoil. 



SECTION n. LIMITS OF THE TERRITORIAL SEA 



Article 3 



Except where otherwise provided in these articles, the normal 

 baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the low- 

 water line along the coast as marked on large-scale charts officially 

 recognized by the coastal State. 



Article 4 



1. In localities where the coast line is deeply indented and cut into,, 

 or if there is a fringe of islands along the coast in its immediate vicin- 

 ity, the method of straight baselines joining appropriate points may 

 be employed in drawing the baseline from which the breadth of the 

 territorial sea is measured. 



2. The drawing of such baselines must not depart to any appreci- 

 able extent from the general direction of the coast, and the sea areas 

 lying within the lines must be sufficiently closely linked to the land 

 domain to be subject to the regime of internal waters. 



3. Baselines shall not be drawn to and from low-tide elevations, 

 unless lighthouses or similar installations which are permanently 

 above sea level have been built on them. 



4. Where the method of straight baselines is applicable under the 

 provisions of paragraph 1, account may be taken, in determining 

 particular baselines, of economic interests peculiar to the region con- 

 cerned, the reality and the importance of which are clearly evidenced 



by a long usage. 



5. The system of straight baselines may not be applied by a State 

 in such a manner as to cut off from the high seas the territorial sea 

 of another State. 



6. The coastal State must clearly indicate straight baselines on 

 charts, to which due publicity must be given. 



Article 5 



1. Waters on the landward side of the baseline of the territorial sea 

 form part of the internal waters of the State. 



2. Where the establishment of a straight baseline in accordance 

 with article 4 has Ihe effect of enclosing as internal waters areas which 

 previously had be€«i considered as part of the territorial sea or of the 

 high seas, a right of innocent passage, as provided in articles 14 to 23, 

 shall exist in those waters. 



