4. INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON CIVIL LIABILITY 

 FOR OIL POLLUTION DAMAGE, NOVEMBER 29, 1969. 

 NOT IN FORCE'' 



Done at Brussels Novemher 29, 1969; Signed on 'behalf of the United 



States Novemher W, 1969. 



The States Parties to the present Convention, 



Conscious of the dangers of pollution posed by the worldwide 

 maritime carriage of oil in bulk, 



Convinced of the need to ensure that adequate compensation is 

 available to persons who suffer damage caused by pollution resulting 

 from the escape or discharge of oil from ships, 



Desiring to adopt uniform international rules and procedures for 

 determining questions of liability and providing adequate compensa- 

 tion in such cases, 



Have agreed as follows : 



Arttole I 



For the purpose of this Convention : 



1. "Ship" means any sea-going vessel and any seaborne craft of 

 any type whatsoever, actually carrying oil in bulk as cargo. 



2. "Person" means any individual or partnership or any public or 

 private body, whether corporate or not, including a State or any of 

 its constituent subdivisions. 



3. "Owner" means the person or persons registered as the owner of 

 the ship or, in the absence of registration, the person or persons 

 owning the ship. However in the case of a ship owned by a State and 

 operated by a company which in that State is registered as the ship's 

 operator, "owner" shall mean such company. 



4. "State of the ship's registry" means in relation to registered 

 ships the State of registration of the ship, and in relation to un- 

 registered ships the State whose flag the ship is flying. 



5. "Oil" means any persistent oil such as crude oil, fuel oil, heavy 

 diesel oil, lubricating oil and whale oil, whether carried on board a 

 ship as cargo or in the bunkers of such a ship. 



6. "Pollution damage" means loss or damage caused outside the 

 ship carrying oil by contamination resulting from the escape or 

 discharge of oil from the ship, wherever such escape or discharge may 

 occur, and includes the costs of preventive measures and further loss 

 or damage caused by preventive measures. 



7. "Preventive measures" means any reasonable measures taken 

 by any person after an incident has occurred to prevent or minimize 

 pollution damage. 



8. "Incident" means any occurrence, or series of occurrences having 

 the same origin, which causes pollution damage. 



* Source: 91st Congress, 2d session. Senate. Executive G. 



Ratified hy: Algeria, Fiji, Ivory Coast, Lebanon, Liberia, Morocco, Senegal, as of Dec. 31, 

 1974. 



(488) 



