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This discharge of nearly 2 billion gallons per day varies in quality 
from effluents with no treatment to those which receive something 
more than primary treatment. Although many communities have second- 
ary treatment plants, these are often overloaded so that treatment 
can only be classed as "more than primary." In the New York Harbor 
area, 16 percent of the flow receives no treatment, 27 percent 
receives primary treatment, and the remaining 57 percent receives 
greater than primary treatment. 
2. Ocean disposal areas (New York Harbor area only) 
There are five dumping grounds in this portion of the New 
York Bight which are a potential source of pollution. Since their 
establishment, they have been used in varying degrees by the Federal 
Government, local political subdivisions, and private industry. A 
description of these dumping areas (see also Fig. 1) follows: 
a. Mud Dumping Ground 
Located not less than 4 nautical miles bearing 198° True 
from Ambrose Light in not less than 60 feet of water. Material 
dredged from vessel berths, anchorage grounds and channels, clean 
earth and steam ashes are dumped in this area. Most of this mate- 
rial is transported by the Corps of Engineers in specially designed 
giant hopper barges. 
b. Cellar Dirt Dumping Ground 
Located not less than 4.7 nautical miles bearing 170° 
True from Ambrose Light in not less than 90 feet of water. Material 
excavated from cellars, foundations consisting of broken concrete, 
blasted rock, and rubble are dumped in this area. 
c. Sewer Sludge Dumping Ground 
Located not less than 4.5 nautical miles 124° 30' True 
from Ambrose Light in not less than 72 feet of water. Sewage wastes 
in raw or treated state are disposed of on this ground by the City 
of New York; the cities of Glen Cove and Long Beach; the counties of 
Nassau and Westchester, New York; the Passaic Valley Sewerage Com- 
mission, the Linden-Roselle Sewerage Authority, the Joint Meeting 
Sewage Disposal Commission, and the Sewerage Authorities of Bergen 
and Middlesex Counties. 
d. Wreck Dumping Ground 
Located 14.3 nautical miles 168° 30' True from Ambrose 
Light in not less than 200 feet of water. 
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