196 
pare them to what we might have done 50 or 100 years ago and avoided 
the problem in the first place. 
My own city takes a great deal of pride that our beaches are still 
open. We are perhaps one of the few cities on our side of the lake 
whose beaches are open. I take small pride in that, because I am 
aware that the only way Chicago keeps 1t beaches open is by that 8th 
wonder of the world, the Chicago Sanitary District, which reversed 
the flow of the river, and we dump a daily contribution of sewage and 
sludge down to every community that has the misfortune of being 
downstate from us. While the Chicago beaches are open, there isn’t a 
river in Illinois that feeds into the Chicago Illinois River that is 
swimmable. 
The short fact is that the problems of Lake Michigan are so serious 
that we are talking about fantastic sums just to try to reclaim our 
beaches and try to reclaim our fish life. 1 would hate to think the 
sums involved to try to reclaim an ocean that passes the point of 
no return. 
Thank you for your interest, and I hope this subcommittee comes — 
up with a product that will save this very important resource. 
Mr. Dineexz. Mr. Mikva, the committee is grateful to you for your 
very helpful testimony and for your great patience this morning. We 
very much appreciate it. 
Mr. Grover? 
Mr. Grover. I have no questions, but I am very pleased to hear the 
statement and to hear the recommendations made. 
Mr. Kartu. I have no questions, Mr. Chairman. I want to join you 
in thanking our colleague for being as brief as he has been. I know 
he has been sitting in the audience all morning, giving everyone else 
an opportunity to be heard, and he has filed his statement for the reec- 
ord in the interest of time. I want to thank the gentleman for his 
contribution this morning. 
Mr. Drnceti. We are grateful to you, Mr. Mikva. 
Mr. Mr«va. Thank you. 
Mr. Drnceru. Our next witness is our very dear friend from the 
State of California, Hon. John E. Moss. Congressman, we welcome 
any statement you may choose to give to the committee at this time. 
STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN E. MOSS, A REPRESENTATIVE 
IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA 
Mr. Moss. You are very kind Mr. Chairman. Thank you. 
As a cosponsor of H.R. 17843, I am pleased to present my ideas on its 
merits. 
The bill would amend the fish and wildlife coordination act to allow 
the Secretary of Interior to designate portions of navigable waters 
and the Outer Continental Shelf as suitable for the discharge of sew- 
age, sludge and spoil. Further, the Secretary is to establish standards 
applicable to the discharge of such waste materials. 
_ This legislation recognizes a trend which has been generally evident 
In most recent conservation legislation, in that the States are given the 
opportunity to develop standards applicable to discharges into waters 
subject: to jurisdiction by that State. If the standards are at least as 
