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Mr. Kerru, There has been a lot recently in the press, in fact I 
believe last Saturday’s or Sunday’s Boston paper had an article con- 
cerning positive application of the effluent that was solely thermal 
in its effects, as contrasted to chemical, and pointed out, I believe, in 
Japan, where the thermal effluent had a beneficial effect when it was 
controlled on the immediate waters or those adjacent thereto, that the 
fish crop and other ecolegical aspects were aided and abetted, where 
it was understood and properly controlled and used. I would suspect 
that perhaps we will hear from other witnesses that would permit the 
use of some thermal application to the water. 
Senator Moax.iry. There was an incident in New York where 
thermal pollution attracted thousands and thousands of bass and 
they trapped themselves into some kind of pier arrangement there and 
they died. This knowledge came about because they saw all these crows 
and sea gulls and they had to get them out of the water. Any time 
you increase the water temperature you increase very greatly and 
disturb the ecology. It is bad encugh in the ocean but imagine what it 
would do to lakes and rivers. 
I think that the people who built these plants are the people who 
tell you about the beneficial arrangements that will be gathered by this 
thermal discharge, and not the people who have to live there and prob- 
ably make their living there and who are affected by the environment. 
Mr. Krirn. The newspaper in which this article appeared has the 
public interest at heart, and it lent a very favorable note to it, al- 
though it was a news story on the editorial page. 
Senator Moaxtry. For instance, the Atomic Energy Commission 
says that they have safe radiation levels and Dr. Gofman and Dr. 
‘Yamplin from the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory at California say 
under these safe radiation levels it means 40.000 children will be born 
malformed and 16,000 to 17,000 people will contract cancer and 
leukemia each and every year. I think it all depends on who you listen 
to as who you have to believe. 
Mr. Kerru. I think the committee will take a balanced viewpoint of 
it. Lappreciate your help, thank you, Mr. Chairman. 
Senator Moaxtry. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman and mem- 
bers of the committee. 
Mr. Drncett. Senator, we certainly commend you for a very fine and 
helpful statement, one to which you have obviously given a great deal 
of thought and consideration. We are privileged to have you join with 
us today. Why don’t you sit at the table while we call our next witness. 
Mr. Harrington, would you like to introduce him? 
Mr. Harrrneron. I would like before doing that to do something if 
I could, Mr. Chairman, which I neglected to do previously. I would 
like to make a part of the record the permits which have been issued 
by the Army Corps of Engineers since 1899 under the Refuse Act. 
Mr. Dincetxi. Without objection it will appear in the files of the 
subcommittee. 
Mr. Harrineron. Members of the committee, I believe, have re- 
ceived lists separately of the permits issued by the Corps of Engineers 
in their States for their own information. I think this compilation 
might be of value to the committee. 
