CHAPTER LV 
CoNcLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 
INTRODUCTION 
An essential characteristic of new large-scale urban development 
should be its reliance on effective land use planning and development 
euidance regulations. Even though large scale planned urban develop- 
ment when accompanied by strong and effective land use planning and 
regulation at the state level stands a good chance of being effective, 
the evidence available seems to indicate that the establishment of 
large, new, planned communities with a balanced composition is not 
economically feasible without significant governmental subsidy. This 
infeasibility stems from the investment costs resulting from the long 
period required for land assembly and improvement and the construc- 
tion of infrastructure and utilities before revenue from the sale of 
sites or structures is sufficient to provide a net profit. 
A number of strategies which could facilitate new community de- 
velopment by easing the problems of assembling and improving land 
were outlined in Chapter ITI. Additional methods for removing some 
of the land use and development constraints impeding new community 
development and for enhancing the possibility of meeting public 
development objectives will be discussed in this Chapter. Incentives 
to encourage individuals and industries to locate in new communities 
will also be outlined. 
Urban development grants, loans and other federal assistance 
programs are available and probably necessary for successful new 
community developments—even new community development under- 
taken by state government. But conscious state efforts to pursue a 
new community development program can significantly assist private 
developers and investors while at the same time insuring a more 
efficient and equitable pattern of urban development: 
State urban development plans related to a national urbanization policy 
could identify appropriate sites for new community development through the 
use of planning techniques and application of market analysis approaches. De- 
tailed site identification and additional analyses [could] be incorporated into 
local and regional plans.? 
1 Jn light of this ACIR concludes that the states have a significant role to play in planning for and assisting 
in new large-scale urban and new community development. The state should be empowered to 1) acquire 
land by negotiation and through the exercise of eminent domain; 2) arrange for site development and con- 
struct or contract for the construction of utilities, streets and other related improvements, 3) hold land for 
later use, 4) sell, lease, or otherwise dispose of land or right thereto to private developers or public agencies; 
and 5) charter local, regional or state land development agencies. All such powers should be exercised in 
accordance with, and in furtherance of, the State’s urbanization plan. 
These activities could be financed as appropriate, through direct appropriations, charges and rents, grants, 
sales of land, and borrowing, if authorized. Borrowing authority should be granted on a revenue basis in 
anticipation of land sales and rents. Revenue from land sales and rents could provide a major source of 
income and a significant part of the operations of state land development instrumentalities could be on a 
revolving fund basis after an initial appropriation of working capital. 
State assistance in making credit more readily available for business and industrial location in certain 
areas by establishing State and regional industrial credit agencies; placement of State and local procurement 
contracts and construction projects to foster urban growth in certain areas; and assistance and guidance for 
urban growth through State property tax deferral for new community development are all possible options. 
Cos R., Urban and Rural America, op. cit.) 
-» Pp. 156. 
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