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aircraft. A coordinated effort in collection and analysis of these data will enhance 

 the military value of the Antisubmarine Warfare Environmental Prediction 

 Service (ASWEPS) and provide a signicant input to fish forecasting. 



OBJECTIVE 



To determine techniques for predicting the distribution and frequency of 

 occurrence of biological false sonar contacts and abundance and availability of 

 fish resources, and to develop methods of applying such prediction models, in 

 conjunction with the cooperative prediction systems, such as those of ASWEPS, 

 Fleet Numerical Weather Facility (FNWF), and some Bureau of Commercial 

 Fisheries laboratories. 



APPEOACH 



The U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office and the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries 

 will exchange scientists to coordinate and implement an environmental monitor- 

 ing and prediction program utilizing Navy and Bureau of Commercial Fisheries 

 tactical environmental data and prediction techniques. 



The U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) and the Fleet Numerical 

 Weather Facility (FNWF) will provide synoptic environmental charts for use 

 by the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries in delineating areas favorable for ex- 

 ploiting fish resources. 



The U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office and the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries 

 will conduct experiments to establish the degree of coorelation between thermal 

 structure and fish distribution, and to develop, test, and evaluate prediction 

 models. Experiments of the type proposed in Project Porpoise are particularly 

 encouraged ; its objectives are to determine the interactions between ocean and 

 atmosphere, the effect of these processes on the ocean climate, and ultimately 

 the effect on abundance and distribution of living marine resources. 



Satellite Applications in Ocean Reseaech 



INTEODtrCTION 



Satellites provide a unique tool for global surveillance on a regular basis. 

 Studies in progress indicate that it may be possible to determine such features 

 as surtface thermal structure, current boundaries, sea state, and biological phe- 

 nomena such as presence of fish oils, fish schools, bioluminescence, and plankton 

 blooms. A broad geophysical knowledge of the real-time distribution of such fea- 

 tures would be of great importance to fishery applications. Also, satellites will 

 be important as relay stations for data telemetered from surface platforms and 

 as aids to navigation. 



OBJECTIVE 



To 'determine the feasibility of obtaining useful oceanographic data from remote 

 sensors in aircraft and spacecraft and to determine the cost-effectiveness of ob- 

 taining data in this manner in comparison with alternate methods. 



APPEOACH 



The Departments of the Navy and Interior wUl cooperate in programs to deter- 

 mine the feasibility of obtaining meaningful oceanographic data from space and 

 the application of these data to prediction systems for biological and physical 

 phenomena. Cooperation will be carried out primarily through the NASA/Navy 

 Spacecraft Oceanography Project, with additional projects under the ASWEPS 

 Program. 



Effort will he mainly of two types: (1) development of techniques and remote 

 sensor equipment for use in aircraft, which later may be used in satellites for 

 direct detection of fish schools and the measurement of oceanographic features 

 affecting abundance and distribution of such schools, and (2) interpretation of 

 environmental data now being collected by satellites, to determine their accuracy 

 and relevance to prediction of biological and physical phenomena. 



(Whereupon, at 12 :'25 p.m., the subcommittee adjourned, to recon- 

 vene at 10 a.m., Thursday, May 8, 1969.) 



