lies 



The investment of these industries in ocean programs is enormous. 

 The revenues paid to Federal or State treasuries by the oil industry 

 from offshore exploration and production totals much more than the 

 total Federal investment in nondefense oceanography. 



I have tried to emphasize the fact, that in the oceans, the Federal 

 program is only a part and not the major part, of the national jDro- 

 gram. The national ocean program requires therefore a A^ery different 

 organizational approach from the totally Federal space and defense 

 programs. 



The Commission recognized this and recommended a national ad- 

 visory committee on the oceans, NACO, to facilitate strong State and 

 industry inputs to the Federal program in order to provide a sound 

 national program. I strongly support this recommendation for NACO. 

 I believe NACO is at least as important as the Commission recom- 

 mended National Ocean Atmospheric Agency NOAA, if we are going 

 to increase the efficiency of the Federal role in the national ocean 

 program. 



The Commission emphasized the need for a National Ocean Atmos- 

 pheric Agency and I certainly hope some sort of NOAA will be estab- 

 lished but I am not qualified to speak as to the details of its composi- 

 tion. I do feel strongly that some more efficient organization of the 

 civilian ocean oriented agencies of the Federal Government must be 

 achieved for many reasons not the least of which is to provide a more 

 effective means of bringing together the Federal civilian agencies to 

 receive the tremendous contribution which military, principally, Navy, 

 oceanography/ocean engineering can make to total Federal programs 

 and thus to total national programs. 



In nry opinion, the Navy's tremendous resources of men, ships, 

 facilities, and operational and research know-how must be brought 

 into the total picture unless we are to go to the ridiculous expense and 

 nearly unsurmountable administrative task of transferring a capability 

 the Navy now has to a civilian agency which today simply does not 

 exist. 



The fact that a broadening of the Navy mission and separate fund- 

 ing for its nonmilitary program role may be required does not change 

 the overall urgency to use Navy capabilities in the total Federal and 

 the total national ocean programs. 



Much has been said of the difficulties which may be encountered in 

 establishing NOAA. I believe it may be even more difficult to establish 

 an effective NACO. We have a great deal to learn about smoothly 

 interfacing industry and the States with the Federal Government. We 

 must learn how to do this if we are going to have a really strong 

 national ocean program. 



I suspect we are also going to have to learn to do this when we try 

 to get Federal, industry, and States working together in urban re- 

 newal, crime prevention, and poverty programs. Our experience in 

 establishing national ocean program coordination may help in these 

 other important and complex areas. 



The urgency to improve Federal, State, industry, cooperation is 

 here and I believe we should start immediately to work toward estab- 

 lishing NACO. 



Earlier I said that oceanography was very different from space and 

 defense in both the organizational and the budget/finance sense. I have 



