249 



funds have been too limited to make a major impact, but even with a tiglit budget 

 the program has managed to initiate programs wliich are, in fact tiiough not in 

 name, Coastal Zone Laboratory activities. For example, Louisiana State Uni- 

 versity's Sea Grant Program is directed to the management and utilization of the 

 great coastal marshes. The University of Delaware's Sea Grant Program is to 

 apply systems engineering principals to the Delaware River Estuary and the 

 Coast. The University of Washington's Sea Grant Program includes a project 

 involving economists, lawyers, oceanographers and biologists to determine the 

 best management and utilization of an area within Puget Sound. 



Such activities need to be expanded, and provision must also be made for facil- 

 ities, which are at i)resent restricted under the terms of the Sea (irant Act, but 

 the Congress could make this change quite easily. 



SEA GEANT COLLEGES 



The purpose underlying Sea Grant Institutional Support, which will eventually 

 lead to designation of Sea Grant Colleges, was to assist qualified universities to 

 develop broadly based marine competence which can b6 applied to problems and 

 opportunities of the region served by the institution. This concept goes far 

 beyond either the University National Laboratory concept, or the Coastal Zone 

 Laboratory concept, but can include both as a legitimate part of a Sea Grant 

 College function. I believe the Coastal Zone Laboratory idea should be included 

 within the Sea Grant mission, with legislative changes as necessary for imple- 

 mentation. I do not believe it would be as appropriate for Sea Grant to include 

 the University National Laboratories because the objectives are not entirely 

 consistent. Where Sea Grant has the purpose of developing marine resources and 

 the people to conduct such development, the University National Laboratories 

 are for more 'basic research. I suggest that the University National Laboratories 

 eouM he more appropriately conducted by other parts of the National Science 

 Foundation. 



There is no reason why a major university with the necessary breadth and 

 competence could not be designated both a Sea Grant Institution and a University 

 National Laboratory. In general, the two programs would be conducted and ad- 

 ministered by different groups within a given univei'sity, and any overlap would 

 be of mutual benefit without altering the distinct character of the two kinds of 

 effort. 



I may also say that there is no need to label activities with exclusive tags. If 

 a Sea Gtfant College has the necessary programs to meet Coastal Zone Laboratory 

 requirements, there is no need to give it a different name. It's the function that 

 is important, not the title. 



CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION 



The plans outlined in Chapter 3 of the Commission's Report, "Our Nation and 

 the Sea," deal specifically with the relation of the Federal, State and regional 

 interests in the management of the three types of laboratories under the admin- 

 istration of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency. It is perhaps in order 

 to expand on these relationships and to give my personal views on the matter of 

 planning and coordination of the programs of each of these types of laboratories. 

 In a program as broad as that recommended by NOAA, the development of pro- 

 gram plans and program coordination is of the utmost importance in achieviug 

 an integrated program working toward the national goals of our ocean effort. 



First, there must be adequate coordination of the plans and programs of the 

 University-National Laboratories, the Coastal Zone Laboratories, and the Federal 

 Lahoratories which come under the direct administration of NOAA. For example, 

 the University-National Laboratories, in undertaking regional programs, should 

 have close working relationships with the Coastal Zone Laboratories operating 

 in their regions, and with those Federal Laboi-atories where their coastal and 

 global interests are mutual. Also, the University-National Laboratories must 

 work together in programs of common interests where their global expeditions 

 and exploratory programs are planned to operate in the same areas of the deep 

 sea. In Chapter 3 of the Commission's Report, I believe it is clear that the pro- 

 grams of the University -National Laboratories would be administered in the 

 Federal Government by NOAA. and those of the Coastal Zone Laboratories by 

 programs mutually agreed upon between NOAA and the Coastal Zone authorities. 

 Finally, the programs of the Federal Laboratories under NOAA's jurisdiction 



26-363 — 69 — pt. 1 17 



