^"i' M I)\vu;iiT, Snmmer Ih'rds of Prince Edward hhtud. C 



nous (lead stubs of tlio noitliciii landscape. Prince Eilwaid 

 Island is, however, remarkably free from such tracts, liavinj;; passeil 

 this period of primitive civilization. One way of clearinj^ land, 

 especiallv if it is covered with second-jjirowth spruce, is to cut 

 down everythin<^ and then let (Ire do its work when the brush is a 

 little dry, so it is no wonder forest fnesare easily started. After fire 

 has swept thron<j;h a clearin<^, laspbeny bushes ( /i". .s7/v]^''o.?//.v) 

 and the willosv-herh or 'fire weed' {Epi/o/>i/un angnstifoliitm^ 

 are certain to s])rinir up, although apparently there may have 

 been none for miles, coarse ferns sof)n multiply, and in time the 

 old stumps and fallen, lialf-ch;irred lo<^s are c<nered with mo.sses 

 .and lichens, while the jjjround, if not cultivateil, is soon hidden by 

 many sorts of plants and {grasses. In such spots the White- 

 throated Sparrow and the .Sjate-coloied Junco find their fa\orite 

 haunts, and here the Hermit 'riitiisb makes its nest near the 

 ed<^e of the woods, and sin.Ljs from some favorite tree. I'erhaps 

 an Olive-sided Flycatcher may be heard whistling from tiie top 

 of the tallest tlead tree to be found in or near the clearing, or a 

 Wood Pewee may wander out from a bit of open woods of mixed 

 growth near by. where also maybe heard a I'arula Warbler or a 

 Red-eyed Vireo. If maples, birches, and beeches predominate, 

 Ovenbirds will be found, and tlie largei- tiie growtli the more 

 probability there is of finding the Black-throated Blue Warbler. 

 The Winter Wren and the Yellow-bellied Flycatcher abide in the 

 dense evergreen woods along mossy brooks where few other birds 

 disturb the quiet, save perliaps wandering Warblers or Thrushes. 

 In clearings grown up with small spruces Magnolia Warblers 

 always abomid, and if these trees are of consiilerable size there 

 are sure to be Olive-backed Thrushes, Black-throated Green 

 and Myrtle Warblers. The Nashville W'arbler is usually found 

 in the detached, ragged bits of mixed woods, which the Mag- 

 nolia and Myrtle Warblers also frequent, together with Redstarts 

 and Thrushes. Such in brief are some of the characteristic birds 

 of the woods, and such their favorite haunts, though their tastes 

 of course may vary and some, such as the Hudsonian and Black- 

 capped Chickadees, the Woodpeckers, and the Golden-crowned 

 Kinglets, are almost sure to be found in unexpected places. 



Then there are damp bushy tracts where the bushes may be 

 waist high and an occasional arbor vita; or larch rises above the 

 smaller giowth. Here one may seek Canadian and Wilson's 



