MOTACILLIDJ'; — TIIK WAUTAIIA I73 



oir to a sliort distiince, wit!- hnu\ I'rit'S of ilistress tliat soon Itring tho iiiato 

 lUicl other iiairs of the Siiiiie Si<t'L'ii;.s lu join in tliu laiiKMitatioiis. Tlicy liovor 

 i>\v.v the heads of tho iutrudei; , at tiiiios appniaohiiig witiiiu a few feet, ex- 

 picssiii" their distress hy tl>e most ])laintive eries, and even when tlie in- 

 truders withdraw following tin ni to a considerable distance. 



All the nests of this lark that 1 liave seen are reniarkalile for the thickness 

 of their walls, and the strength, cnnipiictncss, and elaborate care with which 

 the materials are [uit together, piirticnlarly for nests built on the ground. 

 They are ^vell suited to ])rotect their contents from tlie cold, damp ground 

 on which they are jdaced ; and their ujiper portions are eoni])osed of stout 

 vegetable stems, lichens, and grasses strongly interwoven, and forming a 

 strcjng rim around the upjjcr part of the nest. 



])r. (V)ues describes their eggs as nf a dark chocolate-color, indistinctly 

 marked with numerous .small lines and streaks of l)lack. Audul)on describes 

 them as having a ground-color of a deep reddish-chestnul, darkened by nu- 

 merous dots of dee])er reddisii-brown and lines of \arious sizes, esi)ecially 

 toward the larger end. Those in my possession, received from Laltrador by 

 Tliienemann, measure from .7") to .7^^ of an ineii in lengtli, and from .5!) 

 to A')2 in Itreadth, and lia' e a ligiit-brown or clay-colored ground, .so tiiickly 

 covered witli .spots as to be almo.st conceahul. Tiu-sc sjxits are of a jairplish 

 chocolat(!-brown, with occasioniil darker lines aliout the larger end. In 

 others the markings are Ixdder and larger and of lirighter hues. Like tlie 

 eggs of the Anllias iirborcKs of Kurope, it is probable that those of this 

 Titlark exhiliit great variations, both in ground-color and in tho shades of 

 their markings. 



Anthus pratensis, Ib.disr. 



EUBOFEAN PIPIT. 



AlamUi imittiini.i, Linn. Syst. Nut. ITHii, "287. .Inllms /h-uIi usi.s, ll"( iisr. |)rii(sili. Vii^cl, 

 III, Ifto", 7y.2. — Kkys. it Iti.As. Willi. Kiiropus, isiii, 17'.i. /.anukii, l'iil>. .li>iii-. I, 

 cxtiahcl't, IS."):!, lill. r.\ri.si;N, id. Iliiliuil.l,, l'':uili. (lniiilnMcIs, ISJli, 'Jl. — liKlN- 

 liAiiiii-, lliis, l.stil, li. NiAviiiN, llAiaN(i-(ii>ri.i)'s lickml, ls(i3. — liAlun, Kov. 

 Am. li. UHtit, 1."..'. 



Figures : (luii.irs Itiiils Kimipr, pi. cxxxvi. 



IIaii. Ein'opc fxciicriiliy ; ciiiiiiiKHi in iiii|il;iiMl ; iirridciiliil in (irccnliiiKl ; St. Micliiicl's. 

 Xoiioii Soiiiiil. 



This species in gtMieral form resembles tlie ..(. hn/nrirlinnis, tlie til'th 

 primary in both being abru[)tly ami considerably shorter than the outer four; 

 tlie bill and legs (piite similar. The average si/e ap]iears much the same. 

 The u]iper jiarts are, however (especially the head ajid back), more distinctly 

 streaked with du.d;> ; tiie edge and insidt! of wing greenish-yellow, not 

 whito, and the up]ier ]ilumage and outer edges of the (piills decidedly olive- 

 green. The shafts of the miildle tail-feathers above an^ whitish, not dark 



