454 



NoliTll AMKUK'AN lilliDS. 



PiiiUola tnucUnlor. 



A considornlile niimliei' nl' sin'ciiiicns fniiii KiMliak (jiorlKips to I)i> foniid in 

 otliei' localities on tlu; iioi'tliwc' coast) L'oinpun'd with iMsteni have coiispic- 

 uously laryer l)ill.s, almost t'(|ual to nrrdiiiK/is in this rospect. In No. r»4,4l>r) 

 tlic. lon.irtii tVuni luroliead is .SO ; from no.stril, .oO ; from ^aju', .))(! : Ljonys, .40 ; 



greatest depth, ..")!. lu ,i l>rooklyn 

 skin (ll',84()) the same measiiiements 

 are from forehead, .OO; from nostril, 

 .44 ; from gajje, .GO ; gonys, .:\4 ; great- 

 est deptli, .40. A Saskatchewan skin 

 is intermediate. A European s])eci- 

 nien has the hill as long as that from 

 Kodiak, but less swollen. A Hima- 

 layan species ((.'. atihliiindrluth'tt) is 

 nuicli smallei', and dilferently coh)red. 

 Tliese Kodiak si)ecimens ap})roach 

 the Kurofjcan l)ird more nearly in 

 form of the hill, in which there is a 

 tendency to a more ahrui)tly hooked 

 upper niandihlo than in the birds 

 from the eastern jiortions of British 

 America. As a general thing, the 

 reil tint is lirighter in American thai in European birds. 



H.viiiT.-;. The i'ine (irosbeak is, to a large extent, a resident of the por- 

 tions of North America north of the United States. In the northern pai'ta 

 of New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and ^Nlaine, as well as in western 

 America, it is found throughout the ycai' in the dark evergreen lon^sts. In 

 the winter it is an irregular visitant as far soutii as I'iiiladelithia, being in 

 some seasons very abundant, and again for .several winters (juite rare. 



jNFr. I'oardman mentions it as abiuidant, in the winter, aliout Calais, mid 

 Mr. Verrill gives it as (piito common in the vicinity of Norway. It is 

 found every winter more or less freipiently in Eastern IMassachusetts, though 

 ]\Ir. Allen regards it as rare in the vicinity of Sj)ringfield. It is not cited 

 by Dr. Cooper as a bird of Washington Territory, Imt he mentions it as 

 not nncommon near tiie summits of the Sierra Nevada, latitude .'VJ°, in Sep- 

 tendier. It proliably breeds there, as he found two birds in that region in 

 the young plumage. They were feeding on si)ruc(i .seeds when lie first saw 

 tlieni, and lingered even alter their compuiions had 1)een sliot, and allowed 

 him to apju'oacli witlun a few fet't of tliem. 



Mr. li. Lirown (ll)is, 18(')<S) states that during the winter of liSllO, while 

 snow was lying on the ground, two pairs of this species were siiot at Fort 

 Hupert, \'anconver Island. 



Wilson met witli occasional specimens of the.se birds in the vicinity of 

 Philadeli)iiia, generally in immature jilmnage, and kept one several months, 

 to note any cluinge in its plumage. In the summer it h)st all its red colora 



