FRINOILMDyE _ tHK KINCIIES. 



503 



u .lu.,..ny.s. Ta,.s,..s al,„„t ...p.al ,o ,1„. n,i,l,ll.. „... ,.,..1 .law. Inn.,. C al „ L 

 onger, >.s daw not .vaclnnj, l,eyo,„l ,1k. l.aso of ,1... „,i,l,ll.. .„„, „i,„| ,0. r.aU.r 1,. „ " 

 .18 claw ion,..,, than tl.o digital portion. U'in.s vo.y Ion,; ,h.st ,,nill Ion. ' 'l u- 

 prminnes longer than the .sfuondan..,s. Tail fo.ku.l. '^".'.t, all tiu 



Tl.i.s genus diflers fro,„ .Jiyio/kns in tlto more „l,tuse an.l.curvecl l.ill the 

 les.s developntent of l.ristly feathers at the base, the ri.lge on the lower man- 

 dible the ateral toe not reaching beyond the base of the niid.lle one un.l 

 possibly a longer hind toe. Its relationship to the other tillies will be fonnd 

 exi)ressed m the synoptical table of Convthmiistuuv 



_ The number of American species, or at least races, of th-s genus has been 



increased consi.lerably since the publication of JJirds of North Ameri... live 



n^w belonging to the American fauna, instead of tiie three there mentioned 



01 the species usually assigned to the genus, one, Z. ur.ioa, is .p.ite dilferent 



in form, lacking the ndge of the mandible, etc., and in having the ends of the 



secondaries graduated in tlie closed 



wing, instead of being all on tlie same 



line. The colors, too, are normally 



different ; in arctoa being dusky, 



with silvory-gray wings and tail, 



without rose tips to the leathers of 



the posterior i)art of l)ody; and in 



LcHcostide. proper, the wings and tail 



being dark-brown narrowly edged 



with whitish, or more broadly, like 



the ends of tlie feathers of the body 



behind, with rose-color. For the 



present, however, we shall combine the species, not liaving before us any 



American specimens of L. arctoa. 



From the regular gradation of each form into tlie other — the extremes 

 being thus connected by an unbroken chain of intermediate forms — it seems 

 reasonable to consider all the North American forms as referable to one spe- 

 cies (Z. tephrocotis, Sw., 1831) as geographical races. They may be distin- 

 guished as follows : — 



Common Characters. Body anteriorly chocolate-lM-own ; po..toriorlv tin-e.l 

 with rose-rod. Wing-coverts (broadly) an.l <,uills edged with the same. Head 

 above hght ashy or silvery-gray, as are also the feathers aroun.l the base of nnpor 

 niandibl,; ; the forehead and a patch on crown blackish. Throat dn^^ky. 



Additional Characters. The chocolate-colore.l feathers an.l tiu- secondary qnills 

 somotmies the tail-feathers and greater wing-eoverts, edged with pale brownish- 

 wlnteor fnlvons ; the interseapnlars with darker centres. Rose of nnnp and 

 upper tad-coverts in r.,rin of transverse bands at end of feathers, that of ab.lon.en 

 more a contninons wash. Lining of wings and axillars white, tin-ed will, rose 

 at ends of feather... Feathers of crissum dark brown, edge.l with wbiiish some- 

 times Unged with rose. Hill generally reddish or yellowish, will, blackish tip 



Leiicosticle Uplirocolis. 



