KuiN(iii,i,ii).i; — Till!; FiN<niKs. 



109 



b. Outor wclis of inMiinrii'S dislinctly nd^i^d "illi while at Imso. 

 4. Above liliuk, cxc.i'iii (III mini), which Is tiiigcil with ohviici'Dii.i. White 

 spots very huffc, witli.ml hhu'k l)(pi'(h'r. Iliiicr wcib of hiteriil tiiil-fcallicr 

 Willi toniiinal half wliitc, tiio outer weh almost wholly white. Wing, 3 ")(!; 

 tail, ;i.!)0; hind ijnw, ,:',<). /•;.,//((/(• uiiilier-lii-own, ivplacinj: hlaek. ffab. 

 I'luius butwet'ii l{oei<y Mountuiiiti and the Mi!<souri ; Saskatehewan Hasin. 



vnr. a re fie n s . 



B. Intersenymiar.-i without, white streaks, 

 f). Above dusky olive; wiiiie spots on seapnlars and wiiig-eoverts small, and 

 without black ed<re. Tnil-patehes very restricted (outer only .40 long). 

 No white on itiiinaries. WiiiL'. •i.S."); tail, ;!.10. /'ewu^c scarcely dill'erent. 

 JIab. Socorro Island, oil West coast of Mexico . . . var. car w hh /.' 



Pipilo ersrthrophthalmus, Viiillot. 



OSOUND ROBIN ; TOWHEE ; CHEWINK. 



FrincjUln cri/l/iroji/illnt/nKi, Linn. Syst. Xat. I, 17iiG, ;5]S. — AiM). Orii. Tiiog. I, 1832, lal ; 

 V, .111, Ml. .v.xi.v. KinUrizii i'riitliri:/i/illi(i/m,i, (iM. Syst. Nut. I, 17S8, 874. — Wil.so.v, 

 Am. Km. VI, Lsi2, !m, pi. liii. /Vy,,/,, n-iilhwiilithilmus, Vikill. (!al. Ois. I, 1824, 

 109, pi. l.\.\x. — IJos. List, l}<;i.s. _ III. I \ Mspcctu.s, 18f.O, 487. — Am. Syn. ]8ait, 124. 

 — In. Birds Am. Ill, 1K41, li>7, pi. cx.v. — lUiim, J5iids N. Am. 18.18, .512. — Samu- 

 els, 333. Pijiilu (i/ei; Vir.ii.i,, Ndhv. Diet. X.XXIV, 181!», 292. Tuir/icc liinl, 

 C.\TESBY, Car. I, 34. Towlicc Bunli,ig, Latua-m, Syn. U, i, 1783, 199. — I'en.nant, 

 II, 1785, 359. 



Sp. Char. Upper parts peiierally, head and neek i\ll round, and upper part of the 

 breast, glossy black, abruptly delined against 

 the pure white which extends to the anus, 

 but is bounded on the sides and under the 

 wings by light chestnut, which is soineliinos 

 streaked externally with black. I'eatluMs of 

 throat white in the middle. I'nder coverts 



similar to side.s, but p.iler. Edges of outer six primaries with white at the base and on 

 the middle of the outer web; inner two tertiaries also edged externally with Avhite. 

 Tail-feathers lilaek; outer web of the first, with the enils of the first to the third, white, 

 decreasing from the exterior one. Outermost (piill usually shorter than ninth, or even 

 than secondaries; fourth quill longest, fifth .scarcely shorter. Iris red; said to iie some- 

 times paler, or even white, ill winter. Length. 8.75; wing, 3.7"); tail, i.lO. Bill black, 

 legs llesli-color. Female with the I)laek repl.iced by a rather rufous brown. 



Had. Eastern United States to the Mi.ssouri River; Florida (in winter). 



The tail-feathers are only moderately graduiited on the sides ; the outer 

 about .40 of an incli shorter than tlie middle. The outer tail-feather 1ms 

 the terminal half wliite, tlie outline transverse ; the white of the second is 

 about half as long as that of tlie first ; of tlie third half tliat of the second. 

 The chestnut of the sides reaches forward to the black of the neck, and is 

 visilile when the wings are closed. 



1 Pipiln carmnni, liAiiin, SISS. ; LAWr.nxer., Ann. N. Y. Lye. X, 7. (Specimens in collection 

 made by Colonel A. J. Uraysoii.) 



