I'lClD.K — TIIK WOODl'EClvKllS. 503 



probably tlie case in tlio black iiiul wliito species, and leiulcrs tlio linal set- 

 t lenient of the (piestii^ns involved veiy ditUcuU. 



After a careful consideration of the subject, we are not inclined to admit 

 any species or permanent varieties ul' the gronp of four-toed small white 

 and black Woodi)eckers as North or Middle American, other than those men- 

 tioned in the preceding synopsis. 



Ficus villOBUS, Linn.kus. 



HAIBT WOODPECKER ; LABGEB SAFSUCKEB. 



Var. caniideiislg. — Nortlicni anJ Western regions. 



fPicus lettcomclns, Hodd/EKT, TaM. I'l. Kill. 17t*3(No. 34'., f. 1, fiuAY). -Cass. P. A. X. S. 

 1863, 199. Drifoki/cs kiicnimhis, Caii. & Ukis. Mils. Ileiu. iv, G7. ! I'iniK canaikn- 

 si.% Gmki.in, Syst. Nat. I, 178S, 437. — ? laniVM, liul. Oiii. I, 1700, 231.— Aid. 

 Oil". IJiog. V, 1S3!>, ISS, 1)1. ccccwii. — Id. Syii. lS3i», 177. — In. lUnls Aiiiciii-a, IV, 

 1842, 235, 111. i;clviii. — liijXAl'. I'oiisii. 1850, 137. — In. Atcii. Ital. 1854, 8. riais 

 villosim, FdlisiKii, l'liilo.s. Trails. LXII, 1772, 383. — Uaiimi, IJirtls N. Am. 1858, 84. 



— C'A.ssix, 1' A. N. S. 1863, 19i». — OiiAV, Catal. 181)8, 45. — Dai.i. .■!: I!ansisti:i!, 

 Tr. OhicaKO Ac. Sc. I, 1809, 274 (Aln.ska). — FlNscil, Ahli. Nat. 'II, 1872, (il^AlaskaK 



— S\ML'i:..s, 87. I'icii.i{/>cii<lriifi)jiiis) vi/lnsii.i, S\v. I''.-I5i)i-. Am. II, 1831, 3li5. J'iciis 

 phillipsi, All). Orii. Hioj,'. V, 1839, 180, pi. (recxvii. In. Syii. 1839, 177. — In. 

 Birds Aincr. IV, 1842, 238, |)I. ccli.x (iiiimatiiiv, with yellow rinwii). — XirrAi.i,, Man. 

 1, (2(1 0(1.,) 1840, (i80. — C:a.ss. I". A. X. S. 1803, 199. /'(V«.s- imtrliiut; Al'M. Oiii. 

 Uiojr. V, 1839, 181, pi. ccccxvii. — In. Syii. 1839, 178. — lit. Iliivls Aiiirr. IV, 1842, 

 240, pi. ' ilx (yoiiiiy mall', with red IVathcis on liowii). — I'ass. V. A. X. .S. 1803, I'.IO. 

 Picus niltricajiilliis, XciTAi.L, Man. I, (2il I'll.,) 1840, 085 (same as pivi'ialiiig). Plats 

 septcntrionalis, Nuttali,, Man. I, (2d cd.,) 1840, 084. 



Var. vlUosuSa — Mijillo Status. 



Picus villosus, LlXN.KUs, Sy.st. Nut. I, 1758, 175. - ■ Vikii.i.ot, Ois. Am. Sept. II, 1807, 

 04, pi. o.\x. — W11..SOX, Am. Orn. I, 1808, I5t1, pi. i.\-. — Wagi.kh, Syst. Av. 1827, 

 No. 22. — Aui). Oiu. liiof,'. V, 1839, 104, pi. ccccxvi. — hi. IMids Amer. IV, 1842, 

 244, jil. c'llxii. — HdNAI'. C'oiispodtiis, 1850, 137. — SfXliKVAM,, JIoii. Pio. 17.-- 

 Haiud, Birds N. Am. 1858, 84. Picus Intmmdanus, WAOi.r.ii, Syst. Av. 1S27, 

 No. 18 (youiij; malo in siiiniiii-r). Hairij Woodpecker, PiiSNASr, IjATIIAJI. Dnjtibaics 

 villosus, L'Ait. & Hei.n. Mns. lloiii. rv, 2, 00. 



Var. auilubonl. — Soiitlioru States, 



Picus auduhnni, SwAlNsiix, F. 15. A. 1831, 300. - Tiii'DKAr, .1. A. X. So. Ph. VII, 1837, 

 404 (vi'iy young male, with crown spotted with ycdiow). — .Vrn. Orn. Bing. V, 183!>, 

 194, pi. ccccxvii. — In. Birds Aiiier. IV, 1842, 259, pi. eclxv. — Xi'tt. Man. I, (2d 

 od.,) 1840, 684. —Cass. P. A. X. S. 1803, 199. Pieus villosus, BiiVANT, Pr. Host. 

 Soc. 1859 (Bahamas, winter). — Ai.i.en, B. K. Flu. 302. 



Sp. Ciiar. Abovi! black, with a wliito band down the iniddlo of tlu> back. All the 

 middlo and larger wing-coviM-ta and all the quills with conspicuous spots of wliito. Two 

 wliito stripes on each side of the linad ; the U[)pcr scarcely eoiiliueiit behind, the lower 

 not at all so ; two black stripes eoiilhieiil with the black of the uajie. liiMieatli white. 

 Three outer tail-feathers with the exposed portions while. Leiigtli, S.tUt to 11.00; wing, 

 4.00 10.5.00; bill, 1.00 to 1.25. Male, witli a nuchal .scarlet crescent (wanting in the 

 female) covering the white, generally continuou.s, but oReu interrupted in the middle. 



