548 NORTH AMERICA X HIKOS. 



Cisco. "Sh. J. O. r>cll, of Now York, was tlio first to meet with tliis bird in 

 the Lower Sierra Nevada. 



Dr. Heerinann procured specimens amon<f the sf)uthern mines, near tlic 

 Colorado Jviver, where tiiey were es2)ecially i'reciuentinji; the jjine-trees in 

 search of their food. He saw none ol' tiiem alight on an oak, though those 

 trees were abvmdant in that locality. It lias since been met with near Fort 

 Crook, and JJr. Cooper thinks it jmibable they may be more connnon in the 

 mountains of Eastern Oregon and in those of (Antral Utah. 



Dr. Cones says that it is resident, but very rare, in Arizona. It frequents 

 pine-trees by jireference. Its range is .said to include both slopes of the Kocky 

 Mountains, from Oregon to the Itio (Jrande, and ])robably to Sonora. 



Mr. liidgway met with this rare Wooilpecker on the Sierra Nevada and 

 Wahsatch ^Mountains, where it inhabited the same woods with the S. u-Uliam- 

 .toiii ; it ap])eared to have the same manners and notes as that s[)ecies, but it 

 was so seldom met with that nothing satisfactory could be learned concern- 

 ing its habits. Its consi)icuously barred coloration gives it much the appear- 

 ance of a CciUurus, when Hying. 



Genus HTLOTOMUS, IVmru. 



Dryotomus, Mamikimik, Mem. Ac. Jlt-t/, 18:49, 322. (Not of S\vain.son, 1831.) 

 Dryopirm, Hiinai". Consp. Zygoil. in Atoii. Ital. .\liiy, 1.S51. (Not of Malueube.) 

 llyhttonius, IJAUiii, Hirds X. Am. 18r>8, 107. (Typo, I'icus pikatiis.) 

 Phlmotomus, Cab. & Hkix. 1863. (Same type.) 



Ges. CiiAit. Bill a little longci- than llic licad ; coii.-iidcrably depressed, or broader than 

 hiph at the base; shaped iinieli as in Cmriji/'jiliiliis, exeept shorter, and without the 

 bi'istly feathers directed forwards at the liase of the lower jaw. Gonys about half the 

 lenjjth of the oonnnissure. Tarsus shorter than any toe, e.xeept the inner posterior. 

 Outer posterior toe .shorter than the outer ant(Mior, and a litlii! lonner than the iiuier 

 anterior. Inner jjosterior very short, not half tiie outer anterior; aliont iiall' the inner 

 anterior one. Tail lonjr. j,'rad'.iated ; the lonu'er feathers nnieli iueurved at the li|>. Wiuir 

 ionu'er than the tail, reaehintr to the niidille of the exposed surfaee of tail; considerably 

 L^raduated, lliouji'h pointed ; the fourth ami llftli (piills loiii;(>st. Color iniifonn black. 

 li<'ad with |)ointed occipital orest. \ stripe frnm nasal tufts beneath the eye and down 

 side of neck, throat, liuiug of winyr, and basal portion of under surfa(;e of i[uill.s, while; 

 some species with the .abdomen and .sides barre(l lilack and browni.sh-white; otliers with 

 a white sea[iular strijie in addition. Male with whole crown and crest and maxillary 

 l)atch red ; female with only tin; crest red. 



This genus is similar in gonernl ap])earancc and size to Caniprphihia, but 

 differs essentially in many respects ; tlii' difl'erences l)eing, however, mostly 

 those which dislinguish all other Woodpi;ckers from the species of ('aniju'- 

 ])Ji a im, which is uniipie in tlie ])eculiiir .structure of the tail-feathers, the great 

 graduation of the tertitils (si.xth, instead of tliird or fourth, longest), and very 

 long gonys with the flat tuft of hair like feathers at its base. The less develop- 

 ment of tlie outer hind toe in Hylofomus, which is about exactly intermediate 



