130 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



tarsus, l.nO- 1.0(1 ; iridillo too, 1.75-2.10. Second quill lon,!:rcst,; 

 first loncjer tliiin lliiril. Crissiiin ochincooiis, or wliitc and nilbiis, willi 

 hv'jn; iriinsvi'rso spols of lilack ; upper tiiil-coverts sliar]ily l)ai-red witli 

 pnre white oi- jialo ash. Adult. Ahove ]iUiinl)e()iis-bla(,'l<, the fealher.s 

 eoiispieuously liordered with pliinibeous-bhie. Throat and jnf;iihini 

 ininiaeiilale; white centrally and anteriorly, deep rnlbus laterally and 

 posteriorly. Tihiie plain nilbu.s. Young. Above iinilbrin didl lilaek", 

 the leathers sometimes bordered inconspienously with rnst\'. Throat 

 and jupuluni varying Irom white to oehraeeons or nilbiis (this always 

 deepest laterally and posteriorly). Tiliiic sometimes thickly spotted 

 transversely with black, /fab. Tropical America, north to Southern 

 Mexico. 

 ;?. F. rufigularis.' Wing, 7.20-9.00 (<?, whig, 7.70; tail, 3.90-5.50; 



transvprsp spots of hhiL-k ; inner webs of ]iriiiiari('s with transverse ovate spots of white, touching 

 neither shaft nor edg(! of the feather ; these number seven on the longest ipiill (seeoiid). AViiig- 

 forinula, 2-1, 3-4. 'Wing, 9.90 ; tail, .''«.. OO ; tar-sus, 1.55; niiddlr toe, 1.75. 



Juv. ((J, 51,293, Costa Rica, l,a I'alnia, August 25, 1807 ; Jose C. ;Cele(louV Whole upper 

 .surface l)laek, dce]icst on the tail ; it oe(/u|iies the whole head (exceiit the eliin, throat, and 

 sides of the Ufik), the lilaek ihei'k-])ateh having considerable prouiiueuce ; feathers everywhere 

 (except on the head and neck) indistinctly bordered with light brownish, this beeoniing more 

 distinct posteriorly ; upper tail-covcrts tipped and barred beneath the surface witli jjure white ; 

 secondaries, priniaiii's, and primary coverts narrowly but sharply tijiped with jane white ; tail 

 crossed with live very sharp bars of \nuv white, the last terminal, thi' lirst two eonifealed liy the 

 coverts ; these transverse spots touih the shaft, but not the edge of the f<>ather ; on the lateral 

 feather they are eonlined to the inner welj. Chin, throat, neck, and breast, abdomen, erissum, 

 and lowiT tail-covcrts, deep orange (not idiestinit) rufous ; in fact, this forms the ground-color of 

 the whole lower ])arts ; but the sides, ilanks, and abdomen have such large transverse spots of 

 black (these exceeding the orange in amount), giving the i)revailing color ; the orange of the 

 juguhnn is .sharidy dcfnicd, with a semicircular outline, against the black of the belly, and has 

 distinct lanceolate shaft-sticaks of black ; the lower jiart of the abdomen, and the tibiaj, 

 have cordate or broadly sagittate black spots, rather exceeding the orange ; the lower tail- 

 coverts have broad transverse spots of black. (The orange is deepest on the juguhnn and 

 erissum, being palest where most thickly spotteil ; it is imnuieulate only on chin, throat, and 

 neck ; thi; markings are longitudiiuil oidy on the jugulum.) Lining of the wing like the 

 belly, that is, the black predonunating ; under surface of jirimaries with transverse elliptical 

 .spots of pale cream-color, seven in number on the longest. Wing-formula, 2, 1-3. Wing, 

 9.90; tail, 5.40; culmen, .72; tarsus, 1.40; middle toe, 1.75; outer toe, 1.20; inner, 1.00; 

 posterior, .80. 



Lisf of Spiriiiiois cm in i net/ . — National Museum, 1 ; 0. N. Lawrence, 1; Hostoii Society, 

 2 ; Philadelphia Acadi'Uiy, 3. Total, 7. 



.U'-iLmirnirii/.--. — $. Wing, 10.90-11.30 ; tail, C.00-G.25 ; culmen, .90 ; tarsu.s, 1.50-1. CO; 

 middle toe, 1.85 2.10. 



J Fft/o> nifnii/cri^, |)Ai-n, Tr. Orn. II, l."!!, ISOO. —SriacKl,. Orn. Syn. I, 88, 1855. ////;)o- 

 (rioir/ii.i iiiji'iu/ari.s, :av, Oen. IJ. fol. sp. 5, 1844 ; last 15. Rrit. JIus. j). 54, 1848 ; Hand 

 List, I, 21, 1S()9. — RoNAl-. Consp. Av. (sub F. nuraiifius.). — Okav, ILind List, I, 21, 18U9. 

 F'lhv (luratitius, ft, Lath. In<l. Orn. I, 48, 1790. Fal™ (lumii/ius, y, L.vrit. Ind. (Irn. I, 43, 

 1790. Fiilcn rnimiitins, Tkmm. PI. Col. sul). pi. ec(-xlviii, 183(). — Lniir. Verz. Doubl. p. (;i, 

 ]82.i. — Cass. n. X. Am. 1858, 10. — El.l.nrr, Birds N. Am. pi. xi. Fn.hv nlbiijiil,ii;\ Daid. 

 Tr. Oin. II, 131, 1800. Falcn liiemnirhoiUn/i.t, Haiix, Viig. XV, Lief. ]il. i, 1818. Fnlr.o aiailla- 

 tun. Swains. An. Menag p. 340, 1838. Falcn thoruckus, Do.novax, Nat. Rep. pi. xlv, 1822. 



S ■iiAli. Aihdl ^g, -yl,T20, Mazatlan, Western Mexico; Col. A. .L (Iray.son). Above 

 dark ..te, with a bluish-plumbeous cast, and unilbrni over whoh' surface \wings included) from 

 nape to tail. Anteiioily the tint is almost black, this covering eonliimously tla^ wlioht upper 

 iind lateral jioition of the head, reueliing down to the throat, and foniiiug a broad angular pro- 



