FALCONlDJs-TIIE FALCONS. 188 



roinig. Feathers of the upper parts bonlored terniiuiilly with wliite. Soxes 



alike (?). 



Wing, 17.00-20.50; tail. 7.00- lU.OO ; eiiliiieii, l.'2()-1.4r); tarsus, 

 1.9o-;i.li"<; middle toe, l.SO-l.OO. Seeoud cr third (piills longest 

 (in eighteen specimens from Europe and Asia). First longer than lifth. 

 Breast always (?) spotted with brownisli, or uniforndy so ; top of head 

 with the blaek streaks usually predominating. Tail with si.K to seven 

 narrow black bands, continuous aei-oss both webs. Hah. Northern 

 Hemisphere of the Old Wc.rld yiiv. h aliaitiis .' 



Wing, 17.50-21.50; tail, 8.70- 10..50; eulnien, 1.25-1.40; tarsus, 2.U0- 

 2.40; middle toe, 1.70 - 2.00. Second and third (piill longest. Ureast 

 often entirely without .spots; top of head and nape nsiudly wiili dark 

 streaks predominating. Tail with si.'c to seven narrow bkutk bands, 

 continuous across both webs. Hub. Northern lleinispliere of tin.' 

 New World var. ^^carolinensis." 



Wing, 17.50-19.50; tail, 9.00- 10.00; culme- 1.25-1.40; tarsus, 

 2.10 ; middle toe, 1.70- 1.9.5. Third rpiill longest, but second just per- 

 ceptibly shorter (eight specimens, including Gould's types). Breast 

 with the markings sometimes (in two out of the eight exau)ples) 

 reduced to sparse shaft-streaks, but never (?) entirely immaculate. 

 Top of the head with the white streaks usually predominating, somo- 

 timcs (in three o\it of the eight specimens) immaculate white (the 

 occiput, however, aUv.ays with a few streaks). Tail with six to seven 

 white liands on the inner webs, which (according to Kaup) do not 

 touch the shaft. //((6. Australia . . . vav. ''le iicocephalu s."' 



1 Pandiim haliwtus, var. haliatim (Li.NX.). Aquila haUwtus, Binss. Orn. I, 410, pi. xxxiv. 

 Fiilco lialMns, LiNN. S. X. I, 1766, 129. Pandwii haludm, Li:ss. Man. Orn. 1, 86. Fnhv 

 arundimnrHs, Gmki,. 1733. I'atuUnn fluvialis, Savigx. Doscr. Egyp. I, 90, 1809. Pundioii 

 aUiceps and p/uiiwejis, l>i!i;nM, Viig. Deutscld. 33, 1831. Pundioii iiidicus, Honos. Cat. Gray's 

 Mise. 81. 



Specimens cx-aiiiiiK-d. — Nat. Mus., 3; Uo.'t. Soc., 2; Pliilad. Acad., 3; other .sources, 10. 

 Total, 18. 



Measurements. — $ . Wing, 18.00-18.50; tail, 8.50-8.70; culmon, 1.20-1.30; tarsus, 

 1.95-2.00 ; middle toe, 1.50-1.80. Siwcimen.s, 4. 9. Wing, 19.50-20.50 ; tail, 9.00-9.50 ; 

 culmen, 1.35-1.45; tar.sus, 2.00-2.10; middle toe, 1.85-1.90. Sjieciniens, 4. 



Five sp(«imeiis from the I'alniarctio Hegion (ini hiding one from Jajian and one from Morocco) 

 conipan! with three from India as follow^ : - 



I'alajarctic .speoiiueiis : Wing, 18.70 - 20.40 ; tail, 9.00- 10.00 ; culmen, 1.28 - 1.35 ; tarsu.s, 

 2.15 ; middle toe, 1.75-1.80. 



Indian speeimens : Wing, 17.00-19.75; tail, 7.00-8.75; culmen, 1.28 - 1.35 ; tarsus, 2.00; 

 midille toe, 1.75. 



The Indian specimens pre slightly darker than the northern ones. In the northern .series, the 

 smallest is one from Morocco. This has the lireiist as white as any Australian example, and has 

 the head and neck above as light as in many of them. The .lapanese specimen is exactly like 

 Kuropean ones in color, but is intermediate between tluiu and the Indian ones in .size, measuring, 

 wing, 17.50; tail, 8.80; culmen, 1.30; tarsus, 2.15; nuddle toe, 1.60. The smallest in the 

 series is one from Celebes, in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cand)ridge (Xo. 12,196). 

 This one measures, wing, 15.20 ; tail, 7.50 ; culmen, 1.20 ; tar.sus, 2.00 ; and nnddle toe, 1.60. 

 In colors it approaches very clo.scdy to var. hiicoecplmlits. 



* Pandion iMliaitus, var. leucocrphalus ((iori.D). Puiidiun Jluviatilis, var. 1, Lr.ss. Tr. Orn. 

 1831, 46. Pnndion leucoctpluiliis, Uon.D, Jjynop. H. .Vustr. I, 1832, 22, pi. vi. Pmidiim ijinUdi, 

 Kaup, Lsis, 1847. 



Specimens examined. — I'hilad. Acad., 8 (Gould's tyi)es) ; Boston Soc, 1. Total, 9, 



