COULTEU AND KOSK — NCHITII AMERICAN I'MUKLLlFEKAi:. 



20b 



I .lull 



hnn)tl.\ 

 t 7 lint'" 



yrcslllllil 



roximat'' 



iiuitunty 

 iiino- ct'lU 

 )('S oil*' '<• 

 iimissurnl 

 conciivf). 

 vith t'u-i- 

 cd l(>iiv< '. 

 or purplt' 



r\|)(' spcc'u's. l,niiHiti>iiii 1'tlhi.sinii Kat", 



A ociMis <)t" about <!<) species, heloiio-inji- to the di'iei' I'eu-ious of West- 

 ill North Aineriea. 



While |ii('|iariii;.' mir IvcviHioii of ISSH, we rccdmii/cd lliiit the N'oitli Aiiicrii'iiii 

 |ifcit's rt'lVrrcil In I'l nn ildiimii iliffrr frcnii (lie I'liii'iipciin arnl Asiiilic n'|)n'Hciitali\*'H 

 'I flu- jrfiiii.-', anil oiir iiiaiiMsrri|il wan iircpai't'd willi mii' j^iifcicH sci.'i'f;;atcil iVnm 

 I'l iii'iihiiHiiii. At till' la>-l Mininriit \M> ('niii-lii<lc<l iKil d > iiiakf t li<' rliaiip' until I'd rt her 

 Llin\vlr< !;.'»• n|' nil I' s|(C(i('S ami t Imsc i if t lie ( )li| \\'nrii| liai I I n't'll i ilitaillfil. Till' twelve 

 \cars that have elapsed have hut streii;.'lheiie(l mir earlier view, ami ue hesitate no 

 liiipT in luakinji; a chan^'e in wliieh we are also (•(inHiined l>y the vit'WH of other 

 \ineri(-aii liutanistH. 



'riieireiiiiH I'liiirilninnii was treated l>y l>enlhani and ihnikeras a vast and unwieldy 



>ni|ilex, under which in the Kew Index 4(1 ^'eiierie names appear as symmyins. 

 riie restiiralinii III' these ^reiiera has U'eii wninj.' on I'ver since, those with which we 

 ire concerned lieiiiu' Auiiliinn, liii/n filorld, ()ii//iiili:i ( Ai'i'liiiinirii, I'inli iiKtimiu, Xiiirn- 

 /./iv//)//i/ I. and I'lisliiiiirii, to which we iiow add l.iiniiiliiini { < 'fitiniiil/iii),iu\<\ Hnrii/ili ra, 

 ilie list iiicliidiiij: 10 oi' the L'eiieric names cited hy the Kew Index assyiioiiyins of 

 I'l iin iliniiim. 



The type of I'l III, (liiiniiii is /'. nfiii-'niuli I,. Sp. I'l. 1 : '2.\'^. 1 7')."i, a plant of ilic low 

 (••rtile iiieatlows of i'",nrope, and is of an entirely diffeieiit ^'eiieric type from I'he North 

 American sjiecies which liavf heen lefeired to /'('»/c(v/((/(i(///, and w hich represent a 

 very consistent y:roiip entirely restricted to Western North America, ami form hy far 

 oiir lar>jest and iimst characteristic iiinhellifi'foiiH p-niis. Itrielly stated, I he essential 

 differences hetwceii I'l iin ilmnini and l.iiiiiittiinii areas follows: /'('(/co/ioco/* consists 

 of tall and hranehiiij; mesophytic plants of low fertile meadows of the Old World, 

 with sexcral iimliels, conical stylopodiiim, and solitary oil tiilies; while /.niiiiiliiini 

 roiisists of low xerophytic plants of ai'anleseent hahit lieloiitrinj,' to the arid re^'ioiis 

 of WesttTii North America, with usually siui.'le umhels termiuatiuL' simple c lonjrated 

 peduncles, no stylopodiuni, ami often several oil tuhes. 



The name ('n/jxirrllin was ^'i\-en liy S|iren,!.'el hecause he re;;arded RatineS(ilU''H 

 /,'!//('(//"//( as a homonym. Italiuesiiue characterizes (.loiir. I'hys.89: 101. ISKOthe 

 '_'eiius as follows: 



" Liiniiiliinii. (Omliellif. i l-'leurs poly^ames males, a inv<ilucelles et sans involucres. 

 1' Iciirs herniaphro<lites. ('a lice oiiovairecomprime, eiitier. "> |)etales lleehis, melius. 

 ■ 1 (''tamines. '1 styles, .'^emeiices plates, elliptiipies, eiitieres, a peine striees, eiitouree.s 

 par line aili' meiiihraneuse niartrinale. .\caiiie, feiiilles decomposees, haiiipe a iiue 

 oiiilieiU', iinolucelles polyphylles, les onihellules centrales a (leiirs males. — .Fe foiiiU' 

 le (.^'iire siir line jolie plaiite recueillie sur le Missouri par M. I'>radl)iiry, <pii me I'a 

 communi(|ii('e. II diffcre dii p'ure //(•/•a(7(70// jiar les semenees eiitieres, etc., et He 

 lapjiroche par son port des treiires AthiiiiKiiilit et < 'iiiiio/iti riix. 



I,, rilliisiiiii. I'lntieremeiit velue, feuilles (|uadiipinn(''es. p('tioles meiiibraneux, 

 f'iioles lanei'olees, aijiui's, laciiiiei's; hanipe plus loiifjue (pie les feuilles; invulucelleH 

 laiiciMilrcs. aijjui's, tomeiiteiises. Kleurs hlanches." 



The ideiitilicatioii of Bradlmry's plant is a matter of inference rather than a cer- 

 i.iiiity. The description calls for a villous plant with wliite (lowers and tomeiitiise 

 iiivolucels, and, unfortunately, no sjiecieH of Luniiiliinii which occurs in the rejrioii of 

 I'l ailhury's collection shows such a comiiiuation. /,. (*/•/(/(/((/('{ for synonymy set! 

 under sju'cies) was collected hy Uradliury, and has wliite llowi'rs, tmt it is a plant 

 with short soft puliesceuce and smooth involiici'ls; while I,, juniiriiliurum is a villous 

 p lilt with tonientose iiivolucels, hut has yi'llow (lowers. /,. iiKifnicdrpiiiii is a villous 

 I' lilt and has white flowers, but it is farther west than liradhury reached. It would 

 s' ■ill, tlierel'ure, thixt Luinatiuin lillusum Raf. itmhlwr L. uricntalr or L. fventcaluccmt, 



