50 ' " KEPORT OF THE 1878 



BETULACE^. Birch Family. 



479. BKTur.A. Ifiita L. Cherry Birch. Sweet IJirch. B In ck Birch. Ore of our finest and most 



vaJiiHble forest trees. Moist soil. Common. 



480. B. liuea, Michx, f. iellow or Gray Birch. A smaller tree than preoedina. Moist rich 



soil. Common. 



481. B. alba, var. populifolia, Spach. Small White Birch. On poor soil. Bark very white 



and tiiin. 



482. B. papyracea, Ait. Canoe Birch. A fine large tree with tough bark used for making 



canoes and many articles for household use among the early settlers. Common in 

 rich soil. 



483. B puiiiiia, L. Low Birch. A small shrub 2-6 fnet high, growhig in swamps and hogs. 



484. Alncs incana, Willd. Speckled oe Monri/ Alder. Borders of streams, forming thickets. 



485. A. viridis DC. Green ov Mountain Alder. Common In damp soil. 



SALIOACE^— Willow Family. 



486. Saltx hurallis, Marshall. Prairie Willoio. Dry barrens, 2—6 feet high. Leaves downy 



or woolly beneath. Common. May. 



487. S. discolor, Muhl. Glaucous Willoxo. Our earliest flowering willow. Leaves glaucous 



beneath and smooth above. Banks of streams and wet lands. May. Like the preced- 

 ing specit's the fruiting catkins ripen and drop off before the leaves appear. 



488. S. viMiNAi.is, L. Basket Osier. Cultivated in a few places. 



489. S. cordata, Muhl. Tltart-leaved milow. Low inundated bunks of streams. 



490. S. livitla, Wahl, var. occidentalis. Gray. Livid WilCow. The lateral catkins have a few 



leafy bracts at the base and appear with the leaves in June. 



491. S. lucida, Muhl. Shining Willow. The long, tapering, shining leaves render this our 



most beautiful native willow. The catkins are borne on the summit ot the leafy 

 branches of the season. 



492. S. nigra, Marsh. Black Willoio. Harris Cove, Kennebecasis. 



493. S. FRAGius, L. Brittle Willow. Of(.en planted for shade and ornament. ■ 



494. S. BABYf.ON'iCA, Tourne. Weeping Willow. Cultivated for ornament. 



495. S. mynylloides, L. Myrtle Willoio. A low shrub 1—2 feet high In bogs. 



496. S. pyrifolia, Anderss. Abundant in New Brunswick, though apparently unknown in the 



United States. 

 Several other species of willow are mot with in cultivation. i 



497. S. ACuriKOLiA, L. Mav be seen in gardens at Kingston and Bass River, Kent Co. 



498. PoPULUS tiemuloides, Michx. WhUe Poplar. A very common tree 20—50 feet high. 



499. P. grandldentata, Michx. Large-toothed Ai^'pen. Tne young leaves are covered with 



white silky wool, which give them the appearance of being blighted when seen from a 



distance. Common. 

 SCO, P. balsamifera, L. Balsam Poplar. Tacamahac. Borders of rivers and swamps. Not 



common. 

 Var. candicans. Gray. Balm of Gilead. Common In cultivation. 

 SOI. P. DiLATATA, Alt. Lomhardy Poplar. Extensively planted. 

 602. P. ALBA, L. Abele or White Poplar. Occasionally planted for ornament. 



CONIFER^E -Pine Family. 



•03. PiNUS B'lnksiana. Lambeit. Scrub Pine. A low straggling tree springing up abundantly 

 on dry burned barrens* 



604. P. resinosa, Ait. Bsd Pine. A fine looking tree, valuable for Its lumber. 



605. p. Strobus, L. White Pine. Our finest and most valuable forest tree, upon which th« 



lumberlns interests of the country largely depend. 



606. Abies nigra, Polr. Black or Double Spruce. Very abundant ; a scrubby form, grows in 



wet swamps and bogs. 

 -507. A. alba, Michx. White Spruce. A much finer tree and more rapid grower than the pre- 

 ceding. Valuable for Its lumber, which is extensively manufactured for export. 



608. A. Canadensis. Michx. Hemlock. A large tree covering extensive distr'.ots in somt 



parts of the Province. Bark used for tanning. Wood extensifely employed in build- 

 ings, wharfs, bridges, etc., but not exported as lumber. 



609. A. balsamea, Marshall. Balaam Fir. A very common tree, bat only employed in mann- 



factures to a very limited extent. 

 -610. Lauix Americana, Michx. American Larch, hnckmatae. Tamarack. Oilled Juniper 



in many neighborhoods. A ralaable tree,' extensively ased in shipbuilding, etc. 

 ill. Thuja occidentalis, L. Am*rican Arbor Vitoe. Cedar. A fine tree in some localities. 



Its Mgbt and durable wood is much used for bridges, fences, shlagles, etc. 

 112. JvNiFKnus communis, L. Common Juniper. A low spreading shrub in dry pastUMS, 



and barren bills. St. John. 

 613. J. Sabina, L., var. procnmbeos, Pursb. Sand beach, Eel RiTer, Restlgonche. 

 f 14. Taxus baccata, L., tv, CuAdaiuiaf Gray. American T&». (tround Hemlock, 



