18 



LAMELLIROSTRAL SWIMMERS — ANSERES. 



3. F. fuligula.^ Occiput with a long, pendant, but closely appressed, crest ; back and scap- 



ulars plain black. Wing, 7.60-8.10 inches ; bill, 1.85-1.90 X .75-.85 X .55-.G5; tarsus, 

 1.2.0-1.30 ; middle toe, 2.05-2.10 ; Hab. Paloearctic Region ; accidental in Greenland i 

 B. Speculum bluish gray, narrowly tipped with white ; sides and flanks grayish white, very 

 distinctly undulated with blackish. 



4. P. coUaris. Occiput without crest ; back and scapulars plain black ; lower neck witli 



a more or less distinct collar of chestnut or dark reddish brown ; chin with a triangular 

 white spot. 



Fuliz marila 



THE SCAUP DUCK; BIO BLACK-HEAD OB BLUE-BILL. 



Le MUlouinan, Buff. PI. Eiil. 1002 (^ad.). 



Anns marihi, Lix\. Faun. Suec. 2(1 ed. 1761, 39 ; S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 196. — ? WiLS. Am. Oni, 

 VIII. 1814, 84, pi. 69, «■,'. 3 (may be F. offinh). 



FuUijuhi marila, Stei'IIEXs, Shaw's Ocn. Zool. XII. ii. 1824, 198. — Sw. & Eicn. F. B. A. II. ISni, 

 453 (part; inchulos i*: fl^«w). — Nutt. Man. II. 1834, 437 (do.).— AuD. B. Am. VII. ISI;!, 

 35.5, pi. 498 (not of VI. 1843, 316, pi. 397, nor of his earlier works, which = F. affinis). ~ 

 CoUKs, Key, 1872, 289 ; Check List, 1873, no. 500 ; 2d ed. 1882, no. 720 ; Birds N. W. 1874. 

 573. 



Falix marila, Baiud, B. N. Am. 1858, 791 ; Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, no. 588. — Ridgw. Norn. X. 

 Am. B. 1881, no. 614. 



Aims frcmUa, vSiwur.M. Mus. Carls. 1786, pi. 38. 



Fuligula Gcsncrl, Eytox, Cat. Br. B. 1836, 58. 



Had. Entire northern hemisphere ; in America, breeding far north. 



Sp. Char. Head, neck, and jugiilum black, the first with a greenish gloss ; back and scapulars 

 white, irregularly undulated with zigzag lines of black ; wing-coverts dusky, finely grizzled willi 

 grayish white ; secondaries white, tipped, and sometimes narrowly edged with black ; tertials black, 

 with a very I'aint bottle-green reflection ; primary-coverts dusky black ; primaries similar, but tlie 

 iinier quills pale grayish on outer webs, e.\cept at ends, the gray growing whiter on the .shorter feath- 

 ers ; rump, upper tail-coverts, tail, and crissum, dull black. Lower parts between the jugulum and 

 crissum white, the posterior portion (and sometimes the sides and flanks), zigzagged with dusky, 

 liill pale blue (or bluish white) in life, the nail black ; iris bright yellow ; legs and feet pale slate. 

 Adult female : Head and neck sepia-brown, the anterior portion of the former, all round the base of 

 the bill, white ; jugulum, anal region, and crissum, pale grayish brown, fading gradually into the 

 white of the breast and abdomen ; sides and flanks deeper brown ; above, brownish dusky, the bac k 

 and scapulars but faintly or not at all grizzled with white ; wings much as in the male. 



Total length, about 18 to 20 inches ; extent, 29.50 to 35.00 ; wing, 8.25-9.00 ; culmen, 1.^.')- 

 2.20 ; width of bill near end, .85-1.05, at base, .70-.90 ; tarsus, 1.40-I.CO ; middle toe, 2.25-2.4."). 



1 Fui.ix FULiouLA. The European Cro.ited Duck. 

 Lc .Vorilloii, Buff. PI. Enl. 1001 ( i ad.). 

 Anas fuligula, Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 128 ; ed. 12, I. 1766, 202. — Naum. Vog. DcuIslIjI. 



XII. 1844, 64, pi. 310. 

 Anasscandiaca, Gmki.. S. N. T. 1788, 520. 

 Anas crislata, Lf.Acu, Syst. Cat. 1816, 39. 



Fuligula crisln/a, Stki-h. C.en. Zool. XII. 1824, IPO. — Bonap. Comp. Li.st. 1838, 58. — Ki.y.<. 

 &BI.AS. ■\Virb. Eur. 87. — Macoill. Man. IL 189. — Guay, Gen. B. III. 621 ; Cat. I'.iit. 

 B. 1803, 199. 

 Anas col y mil is, Pam,. Zoopr. Eos.so-As. II. 1826, 266. 



Tufted Dud; VAiia. Brit. B. ed. 2, III. 351, tig.; ed. 3, III. 353, fig. ; ct AucT. 

 Chaii. Adult male; Head and wcvV glo.ssy black, showing purple and green reflections in cerhiiii 

 pendant oeoipitid crest, and lower part of neek (forming indistinct collar) browni.sh ; nnner iiiii'ts 

 ral, inKiduni, breast, and crissum brownish lilaok, the liaek i * 



.Sr 



m gi! 



capnl 



iiutely I 



gvayi.sli. S|ieenlmn white, widely tipped with black ; |iriinaiies light brownish gray, their ends, with 

 entire outer web of two outer quills, blackish, Entirs abdomen, sides, and flanks, inunoculato white. 



