140 



TOTll'Al<MA'ri<; 8WIMMEUS — WTKOAxNOruDES. 





IxK'k, the Hiimllor lessor win^j-iovi-rUt, i\w ruiui), aiul ujiiht luil-oovi'iis cdj^cd with thirk mmff- 

 hrowii. Lower jwuts uiiifonii iliuk brownish ^jrav, tlie leathei-s of tlie sides, Hanks, and crissuui 

 stivaked eeiitrally with silvery white, liininj,' of the win^', and exterior hoixler, snnll'-hrown, 

 stivaked with silvery while. " i?ill grayish white, tin(,'ed with brown, and marked with irre^jnlar 

 spots of jiale earinine ; ni)i>er mandible dusky lowaiil the end, lower blackisli from the middle to 

 near the end; bare spaee between the bill and eye deep blue; eyelids jiink ; iris while; feel 

 bhuk ; 'fiwhr jioueh niwnish blaek, the ridges of its wrinkles lighter" (Ari)rm)N). Adult, in 

 v'inler: Similar to the above, but head and neik wholly while, the head and lower part of the 



II ! 



P./ii,irii.i, iminmtr plumatjf. 



fon'neek usually tinged with straw-yellow. Yohikj, Jir»t plumage : Head and neek liglit brownish 

 gray, ligliter on the nape, the tips of the feathei-s paler ; baek, seajiulars, and wing-eoverts dull 

 brown, the feathers tippinl with light fnlvons ; seeoiuhiries, tertials, and reetrices silvery gray, edged 

 with paler ; rump and njiper lail-eoverts similar. Lower parts wliite, the sides, flanks, and eris- 

 snm tinged with brownisli gray. "Hill gmyish blue, its edges and unguis grayish yellow ; gnlar 

 jtoui'h dull grayish bine ; iris brownish yellow ; bare spaee arounil the eye dusky bluish ; feel and 

 elaws dull leail-eolor" (Auddkon). Youiui, in autumn: Similar to the adult, but head and neek 

 dull light ash-gray, the feathers bonlering the base of the gular pouih white, the oeeiput dark 

 ]<Innd)eous or slaly, the fealhei-s stivaked centrally, or tipped with white. Upper parts less uniform 

 and more tinged with brownish than in the adult. 



Total length, about 44.(K) to .'itUM) inehes ; extent (i.W) to 7.(H> feet ; wing. 1!).(M)-21.(M) inehes ; 

 tMilmen, !».1(>-12.20 ; tarsus, i>.(i()-;i.(t,'') ; middle Uh; W.W-'.VXt. (Average of seven speeimens, 1!».T!I. 

 11.12,2.84,3.70.) 



It was su|ipo.sed by Audubon anil other earlier writers that the white-necked plumage, deseribcd 

 above as the winter div.Hs of both sexes, represented the peculiar garb of the female. It is now 

 known, however, that both se.xes assume this plumage alter the breeding-season, there being at no 

 time any obvious ililierence between the male and female. (I'f. St'LATi;ii, I'roc. Zool. Soc. Loud., 

 lS(i8, p. 2(i8.) 



Tilt' lliowii IVlicaii is iiion' tropiciil iti its rosidoiiop aitd goiHMul di.strilmtion tliiiii 

 tilt' wliitt', ami i.s eliiftiy n'strietfil tt) t\w Soiitiu'Vii Atlantif iuul (Jiilf States ; the 

 soiitlitTii portion of (.'aliftiniia, Mt'xieo, aiitl Central Ainerlfa; ami Stmtli Anifriea. 

 It is jiffiilt'iital on tlif Atlaiitie foast fartlior north than thf Carolinan. It has bfcii 

 saitl to tit'ciir a.s far north as Nantticki't; bnt this has not bet'ii positivt'ly aseiMlaiiu'tl. 



This species was met with on the Atlantie coast of (Suateinala by Mr. Siilviii ; atnl 

 was fmintl breeding on the Vaeifie coast,' in the Hay t)f Ktmseca, by Mr. (i. C.Taylor, 

 wiio also fountl it very abuntlant Imtii on the Atlantic and on the I'acific coast of 



' Accounts of the Imbitsof Mrown I'dici-ns foiuul on the I'licilio const prolinbly refer wholly to the sue- 

 cceiling speeies or mue, J'. ci(/i/t>rniVt<.<r, thu deDoriptiou of which wns not written until thin article had been 

 put ill tyjM'. • 



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